Knowledge Organization Template for the Lung

1.What  is the definition of lung?

The lung is a parenchymatous lobular viscus, the parenchyma of which consists of microscopic air-filled sacs, the pulmonary alveoli.

2. What does it look like? (select various images from the available resources)

Visible Human section

 Digital Anatomist Atlas of Thoracic Viscera

 3D quick-time of lung,

2D image of 3Dmodel without labels,  with labels.

 X-ray from radiology tutorial with and without annotation,

lung scene.

3. What is its “canonical” shape? (e.g. 3-D shape approximation -  pyramid, cylinder, cone)

Dimensional entity->Volume->Composite->Hetero-composite->Conventional cone

                                    Or

Dimensional entity->Volume->Faceted volume-Polyhedron->Pyramid

4. What kinds of surfaces does it have?

First predict from the canonical shape of the organ the kind of surfaces you expect the organ to have.

            Anterior, posterior, lateral, medial, inferior or base

Then look at the interactive atlases or other resources and correlate anatomical reality with the idealized shape model.

            Costal surface, mediastinal surface, diaphragmatic surface

5. What are its external features?

      Apex, oblique fissure, horizontal fissure, anterior margin, inferior margin

6. What are its morphological parts?

            Left lung

                        Upper lobe of left lung

                                    Left apical bronchopulmonary segment

                                    Left posterior bronchopulmonary segment

                                    Left apicoposterior bronchopulmonary segment

                                     Left anterior bronchopulmonary segment

                                    Superior lingular bronchopulmonary segment

Lower lobe of left lung

Left superior bronchopulmonary segment

              Left medial basal bronchopulmonary segment

               Left anterior basal bronchopulmonary segment

               Left lateral basal bronchopulmonary segment

               Left posterior basal bronchopulmonary segment

            Right lung

                        Upper lobe of right lung

Right apical bronchopulmonary segment

                                    Right posterior bronchopulmonary segment

                                    Right anterior bronchopulmonary segment

                        Middle lobe of  lung

                                    Lateral bronchopulmonary segment

                                    Medial bronchopulmonary segment

                                     Middle lobe branch of right bronchial artery

Lower lobe of right lung

Right superior bronchopulmonary segment

                                    Right medial basal bronchopulmonary segment

                                    Right anterior basal bronchopulmonary segment

                                    Right lateral basal bronchopulmonary segment

                                    Right posterior basal bronchopulmonary segment

7. What is the organ a part of?

Which organ system?

            Respiratory system

Which body part?

            Thorax

8. Where is it located?

                        Thoracic cavity

9.What is it connected with (to)?

                        Tracheobronchial tree

                        Pulmonary arteries

                        Pulmonary veins

                        Plural sac

                        Nerves

                        Lymphatics

                        Bronchial arteries

                        Bronchial veins

Where?

            All at hilum except pleural sac

            What enters it? Where?

What leaves (exits) it? Where?

What is attached to it? Where?

            pleura

10. What anatomical structures are adjacent to it?

                        Digital Anatomist images of Right lung and  left lung hilar

11. What supplies it with blood? (This is tricky for the lungs)

            bronchial arteries

12. What drains blood from it?

            bronchial veins

13. What are its component parts?

 

14. How does the organ come to be the way it is? [How does it develop?]

15. What does it do? [What are its functions?]

           

16. What methods have been used to study its functions? [Provide links to some references]