Thiazide - References


Thiazide use and bone response in patients with hypercalciuria

Adams, J. S.(1999). Rapid recovery of bone mass in hypercalciuric, osteoporotic men treated with hydrochlorothiazide. Ann Intern Med 130(8): 658-60.

Reusz, G. S.(1993). Hydrochlorothiazide treatment of children with hypercalciuria: effects and side effects. Pediatr Nephrol 7(6): 699-702.

Reusz, G. S.(1998). Sodium transport and bone mineral density in hypercalciuria with thiazide treatment. Pediatr Nephrol 12(1): 30-4.

Rico, H.(1993). A longitudinal study of total and regional bone mineral content and biochemical markers of bone resorption in patients with idiopathic hypercalciuria on thiazide treatment. Miner Electrolyte Metab 19: 337-42.

Voskaki, I.(1992). Effect of hydrochlorothiazide on renal hypercalciuria. Child Nephrol Urol 12(1): 6-9.

Steiniche, T.(1989). Histomorphometric analysis of bone in idiopathic hypercalciuria before and after treatment with thiazide. Apmis 97(4): 302-8.

Coe, F. L.(1988). Chlorthalidone promotes mineral retention in patients with idiopathic hypercalciuria. Kidney Int 33: 1140-6.


Thiazide use and risk of fracture

Paganini-Hill, A.(1981). Menopausal estrogen therapy and hip fractures. Ann Intern Med 95(1): 28-31.

Wasnich, R. D.(1983). Thiazide effect on the mineral content of bone. N Engl J Med 309(6): 344-7.

Hale, W. E.(1984). Central nervous system symptoms of elderly subjects using antihypertensive drugs. J Am Geriatr Soc 32: 5-10.

Adland-Davenport, P.(1985). Thiazide diuretics and bone mineral content in postmenopausal women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 152(6 Pt 1): 630-4.

Wasnich, R. D.(1986). Differential effects of thiazide and estrogen upon bone mineral content and fracture prevalence. Obstet Gynecol 67(4): 457-62.

Rashiq, S.(1986). Role of drugs in fractures of the femoral neck. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 292(6524): 861-3.

Taggart, H. M.(1988). Do drugs affect the risk of hip fracture in elderly women? [see comments]. J Am Geriatr Soc 36(11): 1006-10.

Stevens, A.(1989). Drugs affecting postural stability and other risk factors in the hip fracture epidemic--case-control study. Community Med 11(1): 27-34.

Ray, W. A.(1989). Long-term use of thiazide diuretics and risk of hip fracture. Lancet 1(8640): 687-90.

LaCroix, A. Z.(1990). Thiazide diuretic agents and the incidence of hip fracture. N Engl J Med 322(5): 286-90.

Heidrich, F. E.(1991). Diuretic drug use and the risk for hip fracture [see comments]. Ann Intern Med 115(1): 1-6.

Felson, D. T.(1991). Thiazide diuretics and the risk of hip fracture. Results from the Framingham Study. Jama 265(3): 370-3.

Cumming, R. G.(1993). Psychotropics, thiazide diuretics and hip fractures in the elderly. Med J Aust 158: 414-7.

Cauley, J. A.(1993). Effects of thiazide diuretic therapy on bone mass, fractures, and falls. The Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group. Ann Intern Med 118(9): 666-73.

Nguyen, T. V.(1996). Risk factors for osteoporotic fractures in elderly men. Am J Epidemiol 144(3): 255-63.

Herings, R. M.(1996). Current use of thiazide diuretics and prevention of femur fractures. J Clin Epidemiol 49(1): 115-9.

Feskanich, D.(1997). A prospective study of thiazide use and fractures in women. Osteoporos Int 7(1): 79-84.

LaCroix, A. Z.(2000). Low-dose hydrochlorothiazide and preservation of bone mineral density in older adults. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 133(7): 516-26.

Schoofs, M. W.(2003). Thiazide diuretics and the risk for hip fracture. Ann Intern Med 139: 476-82.

Schlienger, R. G.(2004). Use of beta-blockers and risk of fractures. Jama 292: 1326-32.


Thiazide and bone density

Sowers, M. R.(1993). Body size, estrogen use and thiazide diuretic use affect 5-year radial bone loss in postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Int 3(6): 314-21.

Cauley, J. A.(1993). Effects of thiazide diuretic therapy on bone mass, fractures, and falls. The Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group. Ann Intern Med 118(9): 666-73.

Bauer, D. C.(1993). Factors associated with appendicular bone mass in older women. The Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group [see comments]. Ann Intern Med 118(9): 657-65.

Orwoll, E. S.(1996). Axial bone mass in older women. Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group. Ann Intern Med 124(2): 187-96.

Morton, D. J.(1994). Thiazides and bone mineral density in elderly men and women. Am J Epidemiol 139(11): 1107-15.

Wasnich, R. D.(1983). Thiazide effect on the mineral content of bone. N Engl J Med 309(6): 344-7.

Glynn, N. W.(1995). Determinants of bone mineral density in older men. J Bone Miner Res 10(11): 1769-77.

Tanaka, T.(2001). Risk factors for proximal femur osteoporosis in men aged 50 years or older. Osteoporos Int 12: 942-9.

Sowers, M. R.(1985). Correlates of mid-radius bone density among postmenopausal women: a community study. Am J Clin Nutr 41(5): 1045-53.

Sigurdsson, G.(2001). Increased bone mineral density in a population-based group of 70-year-old women on thiazide diuretics, independent of parathyroid hormone levels. J Intern Med 250: 51-6.

Jergas, M.(1994). [The effect of a low-dose hydrochlorothiazide therapy on the bone mineral content of the axial and peripheral skeleton]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 119(48): 1645-52.

Wasnich, R.(1990). Effect of thiazide on rates of bone mineral loss: a longitudinal study [published erratum appears in BMJ 1991 Jan 26;302(6770):18]. Bmj 301(6764): 1303-5.

Dawson-Hughes, B.(1993). Thiazides and seasonal bone change in healthy postmenopausal women. Bone Miner 21(1): 41-51.

Wasnich, R. D.(1986). Differential effects of thiazide and estrogen upon bone mineral content and fracture prevalence. Obstet Gynecol 67(4): 457-62.

Adland-Davenport, P.(1985). Thiazide diuretics and bone mineral content in postmenopausal women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 152(6 Pt 1): 630-4.


Randomized clinical trials of thiazide with bone endpoints

LaCroix, A. Z.(2000). Low-dose hydrochlorothiazide and preservation of bone mineral density in older adults. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 133(7): 516-26.

Reid, I. R.(2000). Hydrochlorothiazide reduces loss of cortical bone in normal postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Med 109: 362-70.

Wasnich, R. D.(1995). A randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled trial of chlorthalidone and bone loss in elderly women. Osteoporos Int 5(4): 247-51.

Transbol, I.(1982). Thiazide for the postponement of postmenopausal bone loss. Metabolism 31(4): 383-6.


Other related articles

Rejnmark, L.(2003). Dose-effect relations of loop- and thiazide-diuretics on calcium homeostasis: a randomized, double-blinded Latin-square multiple cross-over study in postmenopausal osteopenic women. Eur J Clin Invest 33: 41-50.

Ott, S. M.(2003). Effect of low-dose thiazide diuretics on plasma lipids: results from a double-blind, randomized clinical trial in older men and women. J Am Geriatr Soc 51: 340-7.

ALLHAT(2002). Major outcomes in high-risk hypertensive patients randomized to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or calcium channel blocker vs diuretic: The Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT). Jama 288: 2981-97.

Lalande, A.(2001). Indapamide, a thiazide-like diuretic, decreases bone resorption in vitro. J Bone Miner Res 16: 361-70.

Lajeunesse, D.(2000). Thiazide diuretics affect osteocalcin production in human osteoblasts at the transcription level without affecting vitamin D3 receptors. J Bone Miner Res 15: 894-901.

Kim, C. H.(2000). Effects of hydrochlorothiazide and furosemide diuretics on human bone marrow stromal osteoprogenitor cells. Metabolism 49: 17-21.

Sebastian, A.(2000). Thiazides and bone. Am J Med 109: 429-30.

Frassetto, L. A.(2000). Comparative effects of potassium chloride and bicarbonate on thiazide-induced reduction in urinary calcium excretion. Kidney Int 58: 748-52.

Cappuccio, F. P.(1999). High blood pressure and bone-mineral loss in elderly white women: a prospective study. Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group. Lancet 354: 971-5.

Pierce, R. O., Jr.(1998). The effects of thiazide diuretics on bone mineral metabolism. J Natl Med Assoc 90(1): 46-50.

Lalande, A.(1998). The diuretic indapamide increases bone mass and decreases bone resorption in spontaneously hypertensive rats supplemented with sodium. J Bone Miner Res 13: 1444-50.

Guo, Z.(1998). Cognitive impairment, drug use, and the risk of hip fracture in persons over 75 years old: a community-based prospective study. Am J Epidemiol 148(9): 887-92.

Heshmati, H. M.(1998). A defect in renal calcium conservation may contribute to the pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoporosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 83: 1916-20.

Barry, E. L.(1997). Expression of the sodium-chloride cotransporter in osteoblast-like cells: effect of thiazide diuretics. Am J Physiol 272(1 Pt 1): C109-16.

Ma, Y. F.(1997). Impact of antihypertensive therapy on the skeleton: effects of moexipril and hydrochlorothiazide on osteopenia in spontaneously hypertensive ovariectomized rats. J Endocrinol 154(3): 467-74.

Broulik, P. D.(1997). Hydrochlorothiazide prevents bone loss in castrated male mice. Endocr Regul 31: 37-40.

Aubin, R.(1996). Selective effect of thiazides on the human osteoblast-like cell line MG- 63. Kidney Int 50(5): 1476-82.

Jones, G.(1995). Thiazide diuretics and fractures: can meta-analysis help? J Bone Miner Res 10(1): 106-11.

Hall, T. J.(1994). Hydrochlorothiazide inhibits osteoclastic bone resorption in vitro. Calcif Tissue Int 55(4): 266-8.

Thapa, P. B.(1993). Can thiazide diuretics be recommended routinely to reduce hip fracture risk? Drugs Aging 3(2): 99-105.

Perry, H. M., 3rd(1993). The effects of thiazide diuretics on calcium metabolism in the aged. J Am Geriatr Soc 41: 818-22.

Peh, C. A.(1993). The effect of chlorothiazide on bone-related biochemical variables in normal post-menopausal women. J Am Geriatr Soc 41(5): 513-6.

Goulding, A.(1985). Hydrochlorothiazide lowers urinary hydroxyproline in parathyroidectomized rats. Horm Metab Res 17(1): 50-1.

Lemann, J., Jr.(1985). Hydrochlorothiazide inhibits bone resorption in men despite experimentally elevated serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D concentrations. Kidney Int 28(6): 951-8.

Parfitt, A. M.(1969). The acute effects of mersalyl, chlorothiazide and mannitol on the renal excretion of calcium and other ions in man. Clin Sci 36: 267-82.

Updated 3/22/02