Vertebrate Survey (pictures!)	Major Vertebrate Timelines	Germ Layer Derivatives & Flowchart
Two Detailed Vertebrate Phylogenies	Germ Layer Differentiation	Histology Helper

Exam 1
1 Who are the chordates? What is a vertebrate?	4 What are the differences amongst fish skins?
2 What does development tell us about evolution in vertebrates?	5 How did skin change from fish to tetrapods?
3 How are cladistic techniques useful in understanding vertebrates?	6 What are the special or unique features of mammal skin?
Lecture Exer. 1 Key	Lecture Exer. 2 Key & Lecture Exer. 3 Key

Sample Clade Problems & Keys !!!

My "Basic" Cladogram

Embryological Traits Cladogram

Integument Traits Cladogram

 

Exam 2
7 What are the differences amongst fish skulls?	12 What are the mechanical & physiol. properties of skeletal muscle?
8 How did skulls change in the transition to land?	13 How did axial & limb muscles change in fishes vs tetrapods?
9 How are mammalian skulls unique?	14 What changes occurred during evolution of cranial muscles?
10 What are the major changes in the axial skeleton of vertebrates?	15 What are the special adaptations of terrestrial locomotion?
11 How did fins evolve? How did limbs evolve?	16 What are the differences & similarities in flight of birds & bats?

Lecture Exer. 4 Key	Lecture Exer. 5 Key	Lecture Exer. 6 Key	Lect. Exer. 7 Key & Lect. Exer. 8 Key
Girdle Bones Overview	Skeleton Cladogram	Skull Cladogram	Gear Ratio Problems & Answers

Exam 3
17 How was the oral cavity modified in vertebrate evolution?	22 What are the changes in heart & circulation of blood from fish to tetrapods?
18 What are the major changes in the GI tract in vertebrate evolution?	23 What are the changes in the kidney during vertebrate evolution?
19 What are the specializations in design & function of gill respiration?	24 What are the major differences in the male reproductive system?
20 When did lungs evolve? What are the changes in lung evolution?	25 What are the major differences in the female reproductive system?
21 What are the design features of the vertebrate circulatory system?	26 How do eggs differ? Which vertebrates have placentae?

Lecture Exer. 9 Key	Lecture Exer. 10 Key	Lecture Exer. 11 Key	Lecture Exer. 12 Key
Digestive Cladogram - updated!	Respiratory Cladogram	Cardio. Cladogram - 1 change!	Urinary/Repro. Cladogram