Biology 453 - ANAMNIOTE SKELETON PHOTOS

Georgia O'Keeffe

COMP. VERTEBRATE ANATOMY

Biology 453

Anamniote Skeleton Photos

Biol. 453 Home Page Biol. 453 Lab Notes

Biol. 453 Photos Biol. 453 Exam Page

Chondrichthyes

Vertebrae in plexiglass - the red staining shows some ossification of the cartilage: transverse sectioned above & sagittal sectioned below

Vertebrae in fluid - the 2 uppermost vertebrae are from the trunk region, sectioned transversely to show different views of the notochord in the interior. The lower 3 rows are views of whole, sagittal sectioned & transversely sectioned caudal vertebrae.

Pecotral girdle (scapulocoracoid cartilage) & the left pectoral fin showing basal & radial pterygiophores & brown ceratotrichia.
Shark - wax cast of scapulocoracoid & pectoral fin ptyergiophores; top is anterior view of scapulocoracoid, lower is posterior view of scapulocoracoid

Males have pelvic fins with claspers
Females have simpler pelvic fins.

Actinopterygii

Amia Skeleton - anterior portion of skeleton
Amia - posterior portion of skeleton with damaged tail.

Amia pectoral girdle shown ventrally. Note the large, bony cleithrum & small scapulacoracoid cartilage that holds the pectoral fin. Locate the small row of pterygiophores at the base of the fins.

Amia - pelvic girdle, ischiopubic plates float in muscle tissue

Trunk Vertebrae - diverse views
Caudal Vertebrae - Hemal canals on the ventral side of the centrum are usually larger than the neural canals.

Perch Skeleton
Perch ventral view of jaws, hyoid & pelvic girdle (made of ischiopubic pates) & pelvic fins.

Cod pectoral girdle bones, part of the large cleithrum on the left side & the scapula (dorsal) & coracoid (ventral) that hold the fin.
Perch Lateral view of skull. Along the ventral line, note the jaws, hyoid arch, part of the cliethrum & scapula of the pectoral girdle (the coracoid may be missing here). The pelvic girdle & its fins attach to the cleithra.

Perch - angled, interior view of pectoral girdle showing cleithrum, scapula & coracoids.

Cod pelvic girdle made of ischiopubic plates that normally attach to the pectoral girdle at the midline (cleithra).

LISSAMPHIBIA

Frog Skeleton - Dorsal View
Frog Skeleton - Ventral View

Frog vertebral column & pelvis, dorsal view (top) & ventral view (bottom).
Frog pectoral girldes- on the left is a ventral view of pectoral girdle showing sternal elements, clavicles & coracoids. & on the left is a dorsal view of the suprascapulae.

Frog - semi-articulated front limbs
Frog - semi-articulated hind limbs

Necturus Skeleton - Dorsal View
Necturus Skeleton - Ventral View

Necturus vertebrae - Left section shows the dorsal side of vertebrae & exposes 1 set of pre-zygapophyses at the top) & in the right section, the vertebrae are upside-down to see 1 pair of post-zygapophysis facets (at bottom).
Necturus vertebral columns - the upper one is the ventral view & lower one shows dorsal view. Upper column has clearly recognizable sacral vertebra. Both show the atlas (1^st & only cervical) vertebra.

Necturus showing single, sacral verteba with enlarged transverse processes & rib still present.
Necturus - dried front (right) & hind limbs (left). Both have girdles attached.

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Georgia O'Keeffe	COMP. VERTEBRATE ANATOMY Biology 453 Anamniote Skeleton Photos
Biol. 453 Home Page	Biol. 453 Lab Notes
Biol. 453 Photos	Biol. 453 Exam Page

Vertebrae in plexiglass - the red staining shows some ossification of the cartilage: transverse sectioned above & sagittal sectioned below	Vertebrae in fluid - the 2 uppermost vertebrae are from the trunk region, sectioned transversely to show different views of the notochord in the interior. The lower 3 rows are views of whole, sagittal sectioned & transversely sectioned caudal vertebrae.
Pecotral girdle (scapulocoracoid cartilage) & the left pectoral fin showing basal & radial pterygiophores & brown ceratotrichia.	Shark - wax cast of scapulocoracoid & pectoral fin ptyergiophores; top is anterior view of scapulocoracoid, lower is posterior view of scapulocoracoid
Males have pelvic fins with claspers	Females have simpler pelvic fins.

Amia Skeleton - anterior portion of skeleton	Amia - posterior portion of skeleton with damaged tail.
Amia pectoral girdle shown ventrally. Note the large, bony cleithrum & small scapulacoracoid cartilage that holds the pectoral fin. Locate the small row of pterygiophores at the base of the fins.	Amia - pelvic girdle, ischiopubic plates float in muscle tissue
Trunk Vertebrae - diverse views	Caudal Vertebrae - Hemal canals on the ventral side of the centrum are usually larger than the neural canals.
Perch Skeleton	Perch ventral view of jaws, hyoid & pelvic girdle (made of ischiopubic pates) & pelvic fins.
Cod pectoral girdle bones, part of the large cleithrum on the left side & the scapula (dorsal) & coracoid (ventral) that hold the fin.	Perch Lateral view of skull. Along the ventral line, note the jaws, hyoid arch, part of the cliethrum & scapula of the pectoral girdle (the coracoid may be missing here). The pelvic girdle & its fins attach to the cleithra.
Perch - angled, interior view of pectoral girdle showing cleithrum, scapula & coracoids.	Cod pelvic girdle made of ischiopubic plates that normally attach to the pectoral girdle at the midline (cleithra).

Frog Skeleton - Dorsal View	Frog Skeleton - Ventral View
Frog vertebral column & pelvis, dorsal view (top) & ventral view (bottom).	Frog pectoral girldes- on the left is a ventral view of pectoral girdle showing sternal elements, clavicles & coracoids. & on the left is a dorsal view of the suprascapulae.
Frog - semi-articulated front limbs	Frog - semi-articulated hind limbs
Necturus Skeleton - Dorsal View	Necturus Skeleton - Ventral View
Necturus vertebrae - Left section shows the dorsal side of vertebrae & exposes 1 set of pre-zygapophyses at the top) & in the right section, the vertebrae are upside-down to see 1 pair of post-zygapophysis facets (at bottom).	Necturus vertebral columns - the upper one is the ventral view & lower one shows dorsal view. Upper column has clearly recognizable sacral vertebra. Both show the atlas (1^st & only cervical) vertebra.
Necturus showing single, sacral verteba with enlarged transverse processes & rib still present.	Necturus - dried front (right) & hind limbs (left). Both have girdles attached.