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ENVH 557

Topics and Readings

Date: Lecture Topic: Readings:
  SC: Source Control; PC: Pathway Control; RC: Receptor Control  
1/5 SC: Hazard Ranking & Hierarchy of Controls Woodside Ch 3
1/7 SC: Regulatory Mandates & Requirements Woodside Ch 1,2; McD Ch 3,4
1/12 SC: Chemical / Material Safety Management Woodside Ch 7
1/14 SC: Chemical and Biological Agents Woodside Ch 5
1/19 Holiday  
1/21 SC: Hoods and LEV - Essential Pressure and Flow Relationships (Choked-Flow Handout) Woodside Ch 17
1/26 SC: Hood Design and Entry Effects (Vent Manual pdf) Woodside Ch 17
1/28 PC: Dilution Ventilation - Theory, Applications to Confined Spaces McDermott Ch 2,5,6; IV Ch 1
2/2 PC: IAQ: Building Ventilation Systems / Zone Isolation Strategies IV Ch 9; BREH Ch 6,8 (Problem Set 1)
2/4 PC: HVAC, Thermal Comfort, IAQ & Plenum Systems McDermott Ch 12
2/9 PC: Atmospheric Dispersion Processes Take home midterm
2/11 RC: Dispersion Modeling to Assess Community Impacts Woodside Ch 4
2/16 Holiday  
2/18 PC: Airflow Measurements & Troubleshooting (ROOSEVELT) (Vent Lab Exercise Handout) Woodside Ch 12,13; IV Sec. 5.13 (Problem Set 1 Key)
2/23 RC: Chemical Protective Clothing Selection Woodside Ch 16
2/25 RC: Respirator Selection and Uses PPE/RP Guide
3/2 RC: Respirator Program Evaluation and Fit Testing PPE/RP Guide
3/4 RC: Protective Measures for Physical Hazards (Case Study) Woodside Ch 18,19,20
3/9 Case Study (1): Laboratory Safety Management Woodside Ch 9,10,11
  Case Study (2): Reducing PM Exposures Due to Wood Stoves  
3/11 Case Study (3): Biotechnology Hazards and Health Care Settings Midterm Key
  Case Study (4): Control of Laser Radiation and Optical Hazards  
3/16 2:30-4:20pm, HST T530 Take-home final DUE
  Special Ventilation Controls Section Topics  
1/7 Fluid Mechanics Primer: Density, Viscosity IV Ch 7
1/14 Fluid Mechanics Primer: Fluid Dynamics McDermott Ch 8; IV Ch 5
1/21 The Bernoulli Equation  
1/28 Local Exhaust System Design, Single Branch Systems McDermott Ch 13
2/4 Dilution Models - Non Steady-State Calculations McDermott Ch 9,7
2/11 Local Exhaust System Design, Multiple Branch Systems IV Ch 4,6
2/18 Airflow Measurements & Troubleshooting (ROOSEVELT) *IV Sec. 5.13
2/25 Vent Design by Computer (Applied Occ Env Hygiene 1987.pdf) (Appl_IH87.xls) Design Problem Handout 09; Design Problem Worksheet 09
3/4 Fan Selection - Fan Laws, Air Cleaner Selection
3/11 Case Studies Discussion  

Topic Outline

Hazard Ranking Strategies & Hierarchy of Controls
Environmental contaminants: properties of gases, vapors, aerosols and bio-agents
Hazard banding and ranking schemes; toxicity and engery scales
Exposure banding and ranking schemes
Examples

Regulatory Mandates & Requirements
US EPA and OSHA Acts; health & safety requirements, permitting and discharge
Hazcom and right to know
Blood borne pathogen regulations
Laboratory safety regulations

Chemical / Material Safety Management
Reading & interpreting MSDS
Chemical Hygiene Plan (CHP) requirements
Bio-safety control plans

Chemical, Radiological and Biological Agents
Unique properties of biological agents and radiological agents
Special handling requirements
Permitting and material management
Disposak and life cycle concerns

Hoods and LEV - Essential Pressure and Flow Relationships
Properties of air
Fluid mechanics - continutity
Enclosures, capture hoods, laboratory and biological hoods
Slot hoods and other hybrids

Dilution Ventilation - Theory, Applications to Confined Spaces
Derivation of general dilution equation
Steady-state conditions
Transient conditions: spills, purging, confined spaces

Building Ventilation Systems / Zone Isolation Strategies
HVAC & IAQ - building multi-zone and plenum systems

HVAC, Thermal Comfort, IAQ & Plenum Systems
Regulation of head load and occupant load
Recirculation and outdoor air requirements
Heating / cooling diagrams and apparatus

Multi-zone Modeling of Building Ventilation
Well mixed box model - mass balance model
Zone input and removal terms
Zone coupling and recirculation

Atmospheric Dispersion Processes
Dispersion due to atmospheric mixing
Boundary layer effects
Meteorology effects; stability and mixing

Airflow Measurements & Troubleshooting (Demo)
Pressure devices; gauges, manometers, micrometers
Pitot tube, hot wire, vane anemometer
Velocity profile in a duct
Taking a pitot traverse - circular & rectangular

Dispersion Modeling to Assess Community Impacts
Types of regulatory dispersion models
Dispersion model inputs
Types of source terms
Effect of input variability; sensitivity analysis
Example

Chemical Protective Clothing
Selection of appropriate gloves, boots, and other items
Permeation and breakthrough properties
Testing and evaluation of protective clothing

Respirator Selection and Uses
Equipment selection types of respirators and designated uses
Service life, decontamination and breakthrough

Respirator Program Evaluation and Fit Testing
Program implementation and requirements
Program evaluation and testing
Training and certification requirements

Protective Measures for Physical Hazards
Energy as applied to hazard control
Damping and dissipation of energy
Advanced Session Topics
Fluid Mechanics Power
Newtonian fluids, viscosity & Reynolds Number
Conservation of mass, conservation of energy
Pt2: Bernoulli Equation, formulation of loss terms
Fluid mechanics and pressure changes in serial flow

Local Exhaust System Design - Simple Single-Branch Systems
Parts of the system
Requirements for replacement air

Ventilation System Design
Design goals and assumptions
Duct selection and sizing
System design & layout
Pressure loss calculations
System problems

Local Exhaust System Design - Multiple-Branch Systems
Pressure changes across junctions of parallel flow
Balancing
System Design Problem - Group projects

Vent Design by Computer
Handout: Koshland and Yost article & spreadsheet template
"Use of a spreadsheet in the design of an industrial ventilation system"

Fan Selection, Fan Laws & Air Cleaners
Fan types, operating curves, fan "laws"
Other selection criteria, installation considerations

Air-Cleaners
Selection based on contaminant characteristics and permit discharge requirements
Particulate removal - physics and types of devices
Mist, gas and vapor removal - physics and devices
Selection considerations: particle size, temperature, corrosivity, flammability (etc)

Psychrometrics & Non-Standard Conditions
Density correction factor elevation and altitude
Density, moisture, temp, pressure and enthaply of air
Absolute and relative humidity, ideal saturation process
Mixtures and state changes

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