Traffic service levels control the design, construction, and use of forest roads (USDA Forest Service 1982).

 
A
B
C
D
FLOW
 
Free flowing with adequate parking facilities.
 
Congested during heavy traffic such as during peak logging or recreation
 
Interrupted by limited passing facilities, or slowed by the road condition.
 
Flow is slow or may be blocked by an activity. Two-way traffic is difficult and may require backing to pass.
 
VOLUMES
 
Uncontrolled; will accommodate the expected traffic volumes.
 
Occasionally controlled during heavy use periods.
 
Erratic; frequently controlled as the capacity is reached.
 
Intermittent and usually controlled. Volume is limited to that associated with the single purpose.
 
VEHICLE TYPES
 
Mixed; includes the critical vehicle and all vehicles normally found on public roads.
 
Mixed; includes the critical vehicle and all vehicles normally found on public roads.
 
Controlled mix; accommodates all vehicle types including the critical vehicle. Some use may be controlled to vehicle types.
 
Single use; not designed for mixed traffic. Some vehicles may not be able to negotiate. Concurrent use traffic is restricted.
 
CRITICAL VEHICLE
 
Clearances are adequate to allow free travel. Overload permits are required.
 
Traffic controls needed where clearances are marginal. Overload Permits are required.
 
Special provisions may be needed. Some vehicles will have difficulty negotiating some segments.
 
Some vehicles may not be able to negotiate. Loads may have to be off-loaded and walked in.
 
SAFETY
 
Safety features are a part of the design.
 
High priority in design. Some protection is accomplished by traffic management.
 
Most protection is provided by management.
 
The need for protection is minimized by low speeds and strict traffic controls.
 
TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT
 
Normally limited to regulatory, warning, and guide signs and permits
 
Employed to reduce traffic volume and conflicts.
 
Traffic controls are frequently needed during periods of high use by the dominant resource activity.
 
Used to discourage or prohibit traffic other than that associated with the single purpose.
 
USER COSTS
 
Minimize; transport-ation efficiency is important.
 
Generally higher than "A" because of slower speeds and increased delays.
 
Not important; efficiency of travel may be traded for lower construction cost.
Not considered.
 
ALIGNMENT
 
Design speeds is the predominant factor within feasible topographic limitations.
 
Influenced more strongly by topography than by speed and efficiency.
 
Generally dictated by topographic features and environmental factors. Design speeds are generally low.
 
Dictated by topography, environmental factors, and the design and critical vehicle limitations. Speed is not important.
 
ROAD SURFACE
 
Stable and smooth with little or no dust, considering the normal season of use.
 
Stable for the predominant traffic for the normal use season. Periodic dust control for heavy use or environmental reasons. Smoothness is commensurate with the design speed.
 
May not be stable under all traffic or weather conditions during the normal use season. Surface rutting, roughness, and dust may be present, but controlled for environmental or investment protection.
 
Rough and irregular. Travel with low clearance vehicle is difficult. Stable during dry conditions. Rutting and dusting controlled only for soil and water protection.