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Equipment Quiz Solutions |
Timber Harvesting FE 341 |
Problem
1: Define deflection, show with a sketch. What is it a measure of?
Deflection
is a measure of load carrying capacity of the line arrangement and is defined
as the ratio of the distance between chord and loaded line (deflection) at
midspan. It provides a measure of the pay load capacity of the line system
for the given profile.
Deflection-
The vertical distance between the chord and skyline, usually measured at
midspan and expressed as a percentage of the span. a.k.a. sag
Problem 2: For
each equipment shown, indicate
-the
type and function, e.g. cable yarder, or bulldozer, or feller-buncher, or swing
yarder
plus
a statement what its primary function is, e.g. yarding/skidding or limbing/bucking,
or chipping
-the
brand name, e.g. Timberjack, or
-Model
designation, e.g. Timberjack Harvester 1270, or Madill 071 cable yarder
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Self-propelled
Therefore
can be used for downhill yarding (skyline, main and haulback) in a skyline
configuration. also
see |
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Valmet
911 harvester. There is also a Valmet 901, a smaller version,
recognizable that it only as two axles. Valmet
uses a telescoping boom in contrast to Timberjack.. Check their equipment web site Also
Valmet has cab And boom arrangement on the same platform, so operator swings
with boom. May be an advantage in thinnings since operator always looks
in the same plane as the boom (parallax). This is in pontrast to the
Timberjack 1270 harvester. |
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Caterpillar
3xx-series excavator. This is a new model designation. Used to have the
2xx series, e.g. 225, 235, 245. Note the bucket arrangement with
thumb. It allows grubbing and grabing of smaller logs, branches, stumps
etc. Very efficient for road right-of-way clearing, grubbing and
excavation. |
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Rock-drilling
machine. Use some undercarriage from CAT or John Deere, etc. The
drilling arrangement made by some specialty mftr. |
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Typical
log truck (unkwon Mftr.) with about 50,000 lbs loaded. Count the logs
and get an estimate of each log weight and volume. Assume that truck has
about 5000 BF or 5Mbf loaded. Also realize that Boardfeet (BF) is
diameter-dependent |
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Hahn
Harvester . That’s how they are customary referred to. Actually it
is a limbing and bucking machine where the knives move/slide up and down and
the log is stationary in the trough. This
machine sits at the landing. Trees are
typically brought to it by grapple skidder
or clam-bunk skidder. Trees are
usually felled with a feller-buncher |
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In addition to the overall equipment you see comment specificially on the boom attachment (the red thing). Explain specifically what it is doing or what you can do with it |
Timbco
T414_D, non-levelling hydro-buncher (feller-buncher, or more precisely,
harvester). This harvester head is different in that it allows the
machine to cut the tree then lift the tree just like a feller-buncher and
swing it around. Then the tree is laid down and now being
processed. Note the double feed roller on the head. Also note the
attachment arrangement, which are quite different from a typical harvester,
e.g. TJ 1270. This
model is used for larger timber, e.g. 20-24inches |
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The
Timbco T425-D and T445-D Hydro-Bunchers combine 2-cylinder, 4-way cab
leveling with the flexibility and hydraulic capacity to install any type of
cutting attachment, including the increasingly popular CTL
processors. Attached is a felling head with a circular saw. The
felling head also has an accumulator allowing to cut and accumulate (collect)
several small trees before the operator has to swing and tilt the head with
the trees. |
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CAT
320L Delimber (Stroke-delimber). Undercarriage
is by Caterpillar, 320- model. Boom arrangement is by Denharco DT4400
delimber-boom Check
the site http://www.gsnet.com/servlet/MachineListing/Equipment/Delimbers/1_357.html |
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1978
CAT D6D Crawler-tractor or dozer, typically used for road construction,
landing construction, odd and ends work on landing, usually on a big tower landing. Older models are
being used as guyline anchors Site: http://www.gsnet.com/servlet/MachineListing/Equipment/Crawler_Tractors/1_357.html |
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Case
550 crawler-tractor, smaller model http://www.gsnet.com/servlet/MachineListing/Equipment/Crawler_Tractors/1_357.html |
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Timberjack
TJ 1010 forwarder Check: http://www.gsnet.com/servlet/CategoryListing/Equipment/1_357.html |
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1984
Caterpillar 518 grapple skidder. Note
the difference to a cable skidder http://www.gsnet.com/servlet/MachineListing/Equipment/Skidders/1_357.html |
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Timberjack
TJ 1270 harvester. Harvester head is a TJ 762-B model, th largest head
made by Timberjack and sold primarily in the Also
see Timberjack’s site |
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Timberjack
TJ 933 Clambunk Skidder On
average when skidding distances are beyond 800 ft clambunk skidding may
become more cost-effective. As a rule of thmb, when skidding distances
approach ½ mile clam bunk skidding will take the place of three to four large
grapple skidders. Usually used in smaller timber in combination with a
feller-buncher, then forwarding whole trees to the roadside. Popular in
the maritime provinces of |
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Timbco
hydro-buncher with harvester head. Probaly a T415 model, non-levelling Check
their site |
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1999
Morbark 30/36 chipper http://www.gsnet.com/servlet/MachineListing/Equipment/Chippers-Grinders/1_357.html |
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This
is a standing skyline. Since the arrangement uses an intermediate spar,
it can only be a standing skyline. The
carriage isan old “Skycar”, weighs about 8000 lbs. It has on-board a
diesel engine, radio-controlled with drop line. This particular contractor
specializes in big-timber harvest with long spans that often require
intermediate supports. Quite often he bids on sales that were laid out
for helicopters. With thte int. supports he can get to the units and
still beat the costs of helicopter operations |
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Madill
071 cable yarder. A very popular, mid-sized yarders used for small to
medium-sized timber. It is quite often used in thinnings (late
commercial thinnings and small-timber clear cuts. Has
4 drums, is mechanically interlocked, so is very flexible as to system
selection. Can therefore yard up and downhill as wel in thinnings |
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Pile
driver to build a trestle bridge for rail road |
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For
the operation below, identify the
equipment you see and their functions/activities. Also identify what
kind of cable system it is. What kind of carriage do you see In
the picture you see a Thunderbird TSY 255 swing yarder. Note the tower
arrangement at the top of which you see the two guylnes attached (red top).
That top is exactly over the center of rotation of the turntable so allows
the yarder to swing without changing the guy line lengths. The A-frame
leaning forward has the sheaves for the cables (skyline, mainline,
slackpulling lines. With the leaning tower (a-frame) arrangement
provides additional tower height. A standard fixed tower (tube) would be
where the guylines are attached. You can now project the tower height
beyond and see that it has to be quite taller in order to attain the same
cable heights as the leaning tower arrangement of the swing yarder allows
for. The
yarderis operating in the “Running Skyline” mode. The top line that goes
out is the haulback (you can see the Ryder block riding on the haulback which
helps support the carriage. It goes out to the tailhold block ,, comes
back and is attached to the carriage haulback line). In front you see
the mainline, as well as the slack-pulling line. This is a mechanical
slack-pulling arrangement (or carriage) where the drop-line is attached to
the mainline, and the mainline is pulled by the slack line to get the chokers
to the ground. (see
Cariages for Skylines by Studier) The
second machine is a processor for delimbing and bucking trees. It is not
used for loading!!. The third machine (to the right) is the loader |
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