Hoodsport Kilchis Ahl Typic Udorthents Grove Ellinor Juno Hoquiam Schneider
Deckerville
Established Series
Rev. FRM/RWC/RJE
4/94
HOODSPORT SERIES
The Hoodsport series consists of moderately well drained, moderately
deep soils formed in glacial till on
plains and foothills from sea level to 500 feet. The average annual
precipitation is about 60 inches. The mean annual temperature
is about 50 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Medial-skeletal, mesic Typic Haploxerands
TYPICAL PEDON: Hoodsport very gravelly sandy loam, forested. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
Oi--2 1/2 inches to 1 inch; needles, leaves, wood, and bark.
Oe--1 inch to 0; black (5YR 2/1) partially decomposed needles, leaves, wood, and bark; strongly acid (pH 5.1); abrupt smooth boundary. (1/2 to 2 inches thick)
Bs1--0 to 6 inches; reddish-brown (5YR 4/4) very gravelly sandy
loam, reddish-brown (5YR 5/4) dry; weak medium and coarse granular
structure; soft, very friable; many roots; 60 percent gravel;
strongly acid
(pH 5.2); gradual wavy boundary. (4 to 8 inches thick)
Bs2--6 to 17 inches; reddish-brown (5YR 4/4) very gravelly
sandy loam; reddish-brown (5YR 5/4) dry; weak fine and medium
subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable; many roots; 60
percent gravel;
strongly acid (pH 5.4); gradual wavy boundary. (10 to 16 inches
thick)
BC--17 to 28 inches; dark yellowish-brown (10YR 4/4) very gravelly
sandy loam, yellowish-brown
(10YR 5/6) dry; single grain; loose, very friable; many roots;
70 percent gravel; strongly acid (pH 5.4);
abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 12 inches thick)
2Bqm--28 to 32 inches; dark-gray (5Y 4/1) pan that breaks to
very gravelly sandy loam, gray (5Y 5/1)
dry; massive; extremely hard, extremely firm; strongly cemented;
35 percent gravel; strongly acid (pH 5.5).
(Several feet thick)
TYPE LOCATION: Jefferson County, Washington; 60 feet west of
U. S. Highway 101, and 120 yards
south and 120 yards west NW1/4 SW1/4 SE1/4 corner sec. 26, T.26N.,
R.2W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Mean annual soil temperature is estimated to range from 47 degrees to about 53 degrees F. These soils are usually moist, but they are dry in some part between 8 and 24 inches for 45 to 60 cumulative days. The particle-size control section averages more than 50 percent coarse fragments. The soil ranges from moderately acid to very strongly acid. Depth to the strongly cemented till, ranges from 20 to 40 inches.
The Bs horizon has hue of 5YR or redder and ranges in value
and chroma from 3 to 5. It has weak granular
or blocky structure.
The BC horizon has 7.5YR or 10YR hue and ranges in value and
chroma from 3 through 5. It is mostly
very gravelly sandy loam but may contain thin subhorizons of very
gravelly loamy sand. It is massive or
single grained.
The 2Bqm horizon has 2.5Y or 5Y hue and value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 1 or 2.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Ahl, Alderwood, Beausite, Cathcart,
Copalis, Dabob, Everett,
Klaus, Olete, Shelton, Sinclair, Triton, and Whidbey series. Ahl,
Beausite, Cathcart, Everett, Olete, and
Copalis soils lack compact till or bedrock within a depth of 40
inches. Alderwood and Sinclair soils have
A1 horizons, Bir horizons of 7.5YR or 10YR hue, and weakly cemented
IIC horizons. Dabob soils have
A2 horizons, Bir horizons of 7.5YR hue, and weakly cemented IIC
horizons. Klaus soils appear to have
coarse textures by field determination. Triton soils have very
gravelly loam Bir horizons and the depth to the firm IIC horizon
is less than 20 inches. Whidbey soils have 7.5YR or 10YR hues
in the Bir horizons and weakly cemented IIC horizons. Shelton
soils have less than 35 percent coarse fragments.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Hoodsport soils are on rolling to hilly glaciated uplands at elevations from sea level to 500 feet. They are in a mild marine climate; summer is dry and cool and most of the precipitation falls as rain in the late autumn, winter, and early spring. They formed in noncemented glacial till underlain by strongly cemented basal till. Mean January temperature is 40 degrees F.; mean July air temperature is 60 degrees F.; and a mean annual temperature is 50 degrees F., and mean annual precipitation ranges from 55 to 65 inches. The 28 degrees F. f.eeze-free season is 216 days and the 32 degrees F. freeze-free season is 161 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Grove and Lystair soils. Both of these soils lack pans within 40 inches.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Runoff is medium;
permeability of the B2 horizon
is moderate; of the C1 horizon, rapid; and of the C2 horizon,
very slow.
USE AND VEGETATION: Used primarily for woodland and a few areas of pasture. Native vegetation is Douglas-fir, red alder, and western hemlock with an understory of salal, evergreen huckleberry, salmonberry, thimbleberry, trailing blackberry, red huckleberry, Oregongrape, red elderberry, tinging nettle, western brackenfern, and western swordfern.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northwestern Washington. Series is of moderate extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Mason County, Washington, 1953.
REMARKS: Classification only changed 4/94 because of recent amendments to Soil Taxonomy. A great group of Durixerands should be proposed for this and other Xerands with cemented layers. Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are an ochric epipedon from the mineral surface to 6 inches, a cambic horizon from 6 to 28 inches, and a duripan at 28 to 32 inches. The pan needs further study as to the nature of the cementing agent. Laboratory data on Hoko series indicates the cement is iron, aluminum, and organic matter. This would make the horizon ortstein rather than a duripan.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.
Established Series
Rev. GEO/AON/TDT
8/97
KILCHIS SERIES
The Kilchis series consists of shallow, well drained soils
that formed in colluvium and residuum weathered
from basalt and breccia. Kilchis soils are on uplands and have
slopes of 3 to 100 percent. The mean annual
precipitation is about 100 inches and the mean annual temperature
is about 49 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic Lithic Haplumbrepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Kilchis stony loam, old burned over woodland. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
A--0 to 5 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) stony loam,
reddish gray (5YR 5/2) dry; moderate very fine granular structure;
friable, slightly hard, slightly sticky; many roots; many very
fine irregular pores; 25
percent gravel and cobblestones; many fine concretions; very strongly
acid (pH 5.0); clear wavy boundary.
(4 to 8 inches thick)
Bw--5 to 12 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) extremely gravelly silt loam, reddish brown (5YR 4/3) dry; strong very fine subangular blocky structure; very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many roots; many fine irregular pores; 65 percent angular rock fragments; common fine concretions; very strongly acid (pH 4.8); clear wavy boundary. (5 to 9 inches thick)
C--12 to 19 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 4/4) extremely
gravelly silt loam, light reddish brown (5YR
6/4) dry; massive; friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic;
many roots; many very fine irregular pores;
black stains on rock fragments; 85 percent angular rock fragments;
very strongly acid (pH 4.8); clear irregular boundary. (0 to 10
inches thick)
2R--19 inches; fractured, fine grained basalt.
TYPE LOCATION: Tillamook County, Oregon; on ridge 1/8 mile
south of Kilchis Mountain lookout;
SE1/4 SW1/4 NW1/4 section 17, T. 1 N., R. 8 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: These soils are usually moist and
they are dry for less than 60 consecutive days in all parts of
the control section. The mean annual soil temperature ranges from
47 to 55
degrees F. The profile has 18 to 27 percent clay and averages
more than 35 percent rock fragments in the
control section. Depth to bedrock ranges from 12 to 20 inches.
The soils have umbric epipedons 7 to 20 inches thick.
The A horizon has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, value of 2 or 3 moist,
4 or 5 dry, and chroma of 2 or 3 moist and
2 through 4 dry.
The B horizon has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, value of 2 to 4 moist
and 3 through 6 dry, and chroma of 2 to 4
moist and dry.
The C horizon contains 75 to 85 percent clay volume of rock fragments.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Klickitat and Witzel series in other familes. Klickitat soils are deeper than 40 inches to bedrock. Witzel soils are dry for more than 45 consecutive days between depths of 4 and 12 inches and have base saturation greater than 50 percent throughout the sola.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Kilchis soils are on very steep slopes
of the Coast and Cascade Range at elevations of 500 to 4,000 feet.
The soils formed in colluvium derived from basalt and breccia.
Winter is cool and moist and summer is warm and dry. Mean annual
precipitation is 60 to 120 inches. Mean July temperature is 63
degrees F., mean January temperature is 37 degrees F., and mean
annual temperature is
45 to 53 degrees F. The frost-free period is 100 to 210 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Hembre, Trask and the competing Klickitat soils. Hembre soils contain less than 50 percent rock fragments and are more than 40 inches deep to bedrock. Trask soils have hue of 10YR or 7.5YR and they are more than 20 inches deep to bedrock. Extensive escarpments and outcrops of basalt are commonly associated with Kilchis soils.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well or excessively drained; rapid runoff; moderately rapid permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: These soils are used for growing timber.
Vegetation is mainly Douglas fir and
western hemlock, vine maple, western swordfern and grasses. In
recently burned over areas, red huckleberry and western swordfern
are dominant.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Coast and Cascade Range in western Oregon. The soil is of moderate extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Tillamook County, Oregon, 1963.
REMARKS: This draft reflects a change in classification by adding CEC activity class.
Umbric epipedon - from 0 to 12 inches (A and Bw horizons)
Particle-size control section - from 10 to 19 inches.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.
Rock Outcrop
Key to subgroups
KEFA.
Udorthents that have a lithic contact within 50 cm of the mineral
soil surface.
Lithic Udorthents
KEFB.
Other Udorthents that have, throughout one or more horizons with
a total thickness of 18 cm or more within 75 cm of the mineral
soil surface, a fine-earth fraction with both a bulk density of
1.0 g/cm3 or less, measured at 33 kPa water retention, and aluminum
plus 1/2 iron percentages (by ammonium oxalate) totaling more
than 1.0.
Andic Udorthents
KEFC.
Other Udorthents that have, throughout one or more horizons with
a total thickness of 18 cm or more within 75 cm of the mineral
soil surface, one or both of the following:
1.More than 35 percent (by volume) fragments coarser than 2.0 mm, of which more than 66 percent are cinders, pumice and pumice-like fragments; or
2.A fine earth fraction containing 30 percent or more particles 0.02 to 2.0 mm in diameter, and
a.In the 0.02 to 2.0 fraction, 5 percent or more volcanic glass, and
b.[(Aluminum plus 1/2 iron, percent extracted by ammonium oxalate)
times 60] plus the volcanic glass (percent) is equal to 30 or
more.
Vitrandic Udorthents
KEFD.
Other Udorthents that have, in one or more horizons within 100
cm of the mineral soil surface, redox depletions with a chroma
of 2 or less, and also aquic conditions for some time in most
years (or artificial drainage).
Aquic Udorthents
KEFE.
Other Udorthents that are saturated with water, in one or more
layers within 150 cm of the mineral soil surface, for 1 month
or more per year in 6 or more out of 10 years.
Oxyaquic Udorthents
KEFF.
Other Udorthents that have 50 percent or more (by volume) wormholes,
worm casts, and filled animal burrows between either the Ap horizon
or a depth of 25 cm from the mineral soil surface, whichever is
deeper, and either a depth of 100 cm or a densic lithic, paralithic,
or petroferric contact, whichever is shallower.
Vermic Udorthents
KEFG.
Other Udorthents.
Typic Udorthents
Established Series
Rev. FRM/RJE
4/94
AHL SERIES
The Ahl series consists of moderately deep, well drained soils
formed in colluvium from basalt at elevations
of 800 to 3,000 feet. Average annual precipitation is about 75
inches. Mean annual temperature is about 49
degrees F. The frost-free season is about 160 to 190 days.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Medial-skeletal, mesic Typic Haploxerands
TYPICAL PEDON: Ahl very gravelly loam, forested. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
O1--3 to 1 inches; needles, leaves, twigs, bark, moss, wood fragments.
O2--1 inch to 0; decomposing organic litter.
B21ir--0 to 3 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) very gravelly
loam, reddish brown (2.5YR 5/4) dry;
weak fine and very fine granular structure; soft, very friable,
slightly sticky, plastic; smeary; many fine,
medium, and large roots; 55 percent angular basalt gravel; moderately
acid (pH 5.8); clear wavy boundary.
(2 to 6 inches thick)
B22ir--3 to 20 inches; dark red (2.5YR 3/6) very gravelly loam,
reddish brown (2.5YR 5/4) dry; weak
fine granular and subangular blocky structure; soft, very friable,
slightly sticky, plastic; smeary; many fine,
medium, and large roots; 55 percent angular basalt and 5 percent
rounded gravel; moderately acid (pH
6.0); gradual wavy boundary. (10 to 18 inches thick)
B3--20 to 30 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) very gravelly
loam, light reddish brown (5YR 6/4) dry;
massive; soft, friable, nonsticky, nonplastic; smeary; common
fine roots; 70 percent angular basalt gravel;
slightly acid (pH 6.4); gradual wavy boundary. (10 to 18 inches
thick)
C--30 to 38 inches; 90 percent fractured basalt bedrock. Material
in voids is reddish brown (5YR 4/4)
very gravelly loam, light reddish brown (5YR 6/4) dry; massive;
slightly acid (pH 6.4); gradual wavy
boundary. (4 to 12 inches thick)
R--38 inches; basalt bedrock.
TYPE LOCATION: Jefferson County, Washington; 1.2 miles south
of U. S. Highway 101, along the Mt.
Walker Road, and 15 feet east of road; SE1/4 NW1/4 SE1/4 sec.
34, T.27N., R.2W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The mean annual soil temperature
at 20 inches is 47 degrees to
about 50 degrees F. These soils are usually moist and are not
dry in all parts between 8 and 24 inches for
as much as 60 consecutive days or in some part for as much as
90 cumulative days. The soils are
moderately acid to slightly acid. The solum is 20 to 36 inches
thick. Depth to consolidated basalt bedrock
is 24 to 40 inches. Content of coarse fragments in the control
section is 50 to 90 percent. The Bir horizon
has hue of 2.5YR or 5YR, value of 2 through 4 moist, and chroma
of 2 through 4 moist. The B3 horizon
has hue of 2.5YR or 5YR, value and chroma of 4 through 6 moist.
It is gravelly loam or very gravelly loam.
The C horizon contains more than 80 percent fractured basalt bedrock,
with voids filled with material
similar to that of the B3 horizons.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Alderwood, Beausite, Cathcart,
Dabob, Everett, Hoodsport,
Klaus, Olete, Sinclair, Stetson, and Whidbey series. Alderwood,
Dabob, Hoodsport, Sinclair, and
Whidbey soils have paralithic or lithic contacts within 40 inches.
Beausite soils have gravelly sandy loam or
very gravelly sandy loam control sections. Cathcart soils have
18 to 35 percent clay in the control section
and contain less than 50 percent coarse fragments in some part
of the control section. Everett soils have
10YR or 7.5YR hue in the B horizon. Klaus soils have coarse apparent
field textures. Olete soils have
solums thinner than 20 inches.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Ahl soils occur on steep to very steep
mountainous topography at elevations
of 800 to about 3,000 feet. These soils formed in colluvial material
from basalt. They occur in a mild, cool
marine climate having an annual precipitation of 50 to 100 inches,
most of which falls as rain during the fall,winter, and spring
months; mean annual temperature is about 49 degrees F.; the average
summer
temperature is about 60 degrees F.; the average winter temperature
is about 36 degrees F.; and the
frost-free period is 160 to 190 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Grove, and Triton
soils and the
competing Hoodsport soils. Grove soils have coarse-textured control
sections. Triton soils have a strongly
cemented pan at depths of 12 to 20 inches.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well-drained; medium or rapid runoff; moderate permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Woodland and watershed. Dominant vegetation
is Douglas-fir, western
redcedar, vine maple, rhododendron, huckleberry, salal, and Oregon
grape.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Northwestern Washington. Series is of small extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Jefferson County, Washington, 1971.
REMARKS: This draft is a reformat only of a 1971 description.
The classification is tentative. Soils in the
area forming from basalt have failed to meet chemical criteria
for spodisols. These soils are probably Andic
Dystrochrepts or Entic Dystrandepts. The soils at elevations above
about 1,800 feet probably have a
"frigid" temperature regime.
Classification only changed 4/94 because of recent amendments
to Soil Taxonomy. The range of this soil
appears to be both in the Xeric and Udic soil moisture regimes
(3/24/94).
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.
Established Series
Rev. CLP/RJE
11/88
GROVE SERIES
The Grove series consists of deep, somewhat excessively drained soils formed in glacial outwash. Grove soils are on terraces and terrace escarpments at elevations of near sea level to 500 feet. Slopes are 0 to 50 percent. Average annual precipitation is about 70 inches and the mean annual air temperature is about 50 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy-skeletal, mixed, mesic Dystric Xerorthents
TYPICAL PEDON: Grove very gravelly loamy sand - forested. (Colors
are for moist soil unless
otherwise noted.)
Oi--2 1/2 inches to 1 inch; needles, twigs, and leaves.
Oe--1 inch to 0; partially decomposed organic matter from needles,
twigs, and leaves; strongly acid (pH
5.4); abrupt smooth boundary.
Bw1--0 to 12 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) very gravelly
loamy sand, reddish brown (5YR 5/3) dry; weak very fine granular
structure; soft, very friable; many fine
and medium roots; 55 percent mixed gravel; moderately acid (pH
5.8); gradual wavy boundary. (6 to 12
inches thick)
Bw2--12 to 27 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) very gravelly
coarse sand, reddish brown (5YR 5/4) dry;
single grained; loose; many fine and medium roots; 55 percent
mixed gravel; moderately acid (pH 5.8);
clear wavy boundary. (12 to 16 inches thick)
BC--27 to 40 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 4/4) very gravelly sand,
brown (7.5YR 5/4) dry; single grained; loose; common fine and
medium roots; 60 percent mixed gravel;
moderately acid (pH 6.0); clear irregular boundary. (10 to 15
inches thick)
C--40 to 60 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) very
gravelly coarse sand, dark gray (10YR 4/1)
dry; single grained; loose; few fine roots; 50 percent mixed gravel;
moderately acid (pH 6.0)
TYPE LOCATION: Jefferson County, Washington; 0.5 mile northwest
of Jackson Cove, 0.1 mile west
of powerline, SW1/4 NE 1/4 NW 1/4 sec. 13, T. 26 N., R. 2W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: These soils are usually moist, but
are dry for 45 to 60 consecutive
days following summer solstice. The mean annual soil temperature
is estimated to range from 47 degrees to
about 53 degrees F. Coarse fragments, dominantly pebbles, in the
particle- size control section range from
55 to 75 percent by volume. The soil ranges from strongly acid
to moderately acid. Some pedons have a
thin A horizon.
The Bw horizon has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR, value of 2 through
5 moist, 4 to 6 dry, and chroma of 2 through
4 moist and 3 through 6 dry. It is very gravelly loamy sand, very
gravelly coarse sand or very gravelly sandy
loam and subhorizons of sandy loam do not extend into the particle-size
control section. It has weak
granular or blocky structure or is single grained.
The BC horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR and value and chroma
of 3 through 5. it is very gravelly or
extremely gravelly loamy sand or sand.
The C horizon has hue of 10YR through 5Y, value of 3 through
5, and chroma of 1 through 3. it is
extremely gravelly sand or very gravelly sand.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Neilton, Netrac, Snoqualmie
and Wiseman series. Neilton soils
are dry 60 to 75 consecutive days and have a solum less than 24
inches thick. Netrac soils have a volcanic
ash surface layer that is neutral. Snoqualmie and Wiseman soils
lack a Bw horizon. Wiseman soils are 40 to
80 percent phyllite channers in the particle-size control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Grove soils formed in glacial outwash on
terraces and terrace escarpments
at elevations of near sea level to about 500 feet. Slopes are
0 to 50 percent. Grove soils are in a mild
marine climate; summer is cool and dry and the winter is mild
and wet. mean July temperature is 60 degrees
F.; mean January temperature is 39 degrees F.; mean annual temperature
is 50 degrees F. The average
annual precipitation ranges from 50 to 80 inches and fog is common
especially from late summer through
winter. The growing season about 28 degrees F. is 160 to 215 days
and frost-free season about 32
degrees F. is 160 to 180 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Hoodsport, Lystair,
and Shelton soils.
Hoodsport and Shelton soils have duripans. Lystair soils are coarse
loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat excessively drained; slow
runoff; moderately rapid
permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: used mainly for woodland, some small areas
used for hay and pasture.
Natural vegetation is Douglas-fir, western hemlock, western redcedar,
red alder and bigleaf maple with an
understory of salal, rhododendron, evergreen huckleberry, western
brackenfern, western swordfern,
Oregon-grape, salmonberry, and creambush oceanspray.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Puget lowlands in western Washington. Series is of moderate extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Thurston County, Washington, 1949.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.
Tentative Series
Rev. CJM/LDG/RJE
4/85
ELLINOR SERIES
The Ellinor series consists of moderately deep, well drained
soils formed in colluvium and residuum from
basalt on mountainsides. Slopes range from 50 to 90 percent. The
average annual precipitation is about 90
inches, and the mean annual air temperature is about 44 degrees
F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, frigid Umbric
Dystrochrepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Ellinor very gravelly silt loam, forested. (Colors
are for moist soil unless otherwise
noted.)
Oi--2 to 0.5 inch; undecomposed mat of forest litter and mosses. (0 to 4 inches thick)
Oa--0.5 inch to 0; very dusky red (2.5YR 2/2) decomposed forest litter and roots. (0 to 1 inch thick)
A--0 to 5 inches; dark red (2.5YR 3/6) gravelly silt loam;
weak fine subangular blocky structure; slightly
hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; 25 percent
angular pebbles, cobbles and stones; few large
roots and many fine roots; strongly acid (pH 5.1); clear wavy
boundary. (3 to 6 inches thick)
Bw1--5 to 10 inches; yellowish red (5YR 4/6) extremely gravelly
silt loam; weak fine subangular blocky
structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly
plastic; 60 percent angular basalt pebbles and
stones; few coarse and fine roots; few old root channels and large
pores; strongly acid (pH 5.1); gradual
broken boundary. (5 to 12 inches thick)
Bw2--10 to 36 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) extremely stony
silt loam; weak fine subangular blocky
structure, slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly
plastic; 80 percent hard basalt stones, cobbles and
pebbles; soil fills voids between rock fragments; few large, medium
and fine roots, some roots matted on
faces of rock fragments; strongly acid (pH 5.2); gradual wavy
boundary. (10 to 30 inches thick)
R--36 inches; basalt, with fractures more than 4 inches apart.
TYPE LOCATION: Mason County, Washington; Vance Creek road spur
#1007, 0.7 mile from 1005
Junction, 1,650 feet east and 500 feet north of the SW corner
of sec. 29, T. 22 N., R. 5 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to a lithic contact ranges
from 20 to 40 inches. Rock
fragments in the particle-size control section average from 60
to 85 percent. The mean annual soil
temperature ranges from 43 to 46 degrees F. Reaction is very strongly
acid to medium acid.
The A horizon has hue of 2.5YR or 5 YR and chroma of 3 through
6. It has weak fine subangular blocky
or weak medium granular structure.
The Bw horizon has hue of 5YR or 2.5YR and chroma of 4 through
6. It is loam or silt loam and has 60 to
85 percent angular basalt stones, cobbles and pebbles.
COMPETING SERIES: This is the Ahl series in another family. Ahl soils are mesic.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Ellinor soils formed in colluvium and residuum
from basalt on mountainsides.
They have 50 to 90 percent slopes, dominantly convex. Elevation
ranges from 1,800 to 3,200 feet.
Average annual precipitation ranges from 90 to 120 inches. Mean
January temperature is about 31 degrees
F; mean July temperature is about 60 degrees F; and the mean annual
temperature is about 44 degrees F.
The frost-free season (32 degrees F) ranges from 120 to 180 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Ahl soils.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; medium to rapid runoff; moderate permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Used for timber production, watershed and
wildlife habitat. The main tree
species are Douglas-fir, western hemlock and Pacific silver fir,
and minor amounts of red alder, western
redcedar, bigleaf maple, and Sitka spruce. Understory vegetation
is rhododendron, salal, Oregon-grape,
and red huckleberry.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Olympic Mountains in Washington. The
series is of small extent.
SERIES PROPOSED: Soil survey, Olympic National Forest, Washington,
1956.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this
pedon are an ochric epipedon from the
mineral surface to 5 inches, a cambic horizon from 5 to 36 inches,
and a lithic contact at 36 inches.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.
Established Series
Rev. CJM/LDG/RJE
4/79
JUNO SERIES
The Juno series consists of somewhat excessively drained soils
that formed in alluvium. Juno soils are on
alluvial flood plains adjacent to the river. Slopes are 0 to 3
percent. The mean annual precipitation is about
80 inches and the mean annual temperature is about 50 degrees
F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy-skeletal, mixed, mesic Typic Udifluvents
TYPICAL PEDON: Juno sandy loamy-brushland. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise noted.)
A1--0 to 16 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) sandy loam, light
brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; single
grained; loose, nonsticky and nonplastic; 10 percent pebbles;
many fine roots; medium acid (pH 5.6); clear
smooth boundary.
IIC--16 to 60 inches; multicolored extremely gravelly sand;
single grained, loose; 70 percent pebbles;
medium acid (pH 5.8).
TYPE LOCATION: Mason County, Washington; 1 mile east of Satsop
State Park; between county road
and East Fork Satsop River; SW corner sec. 28, T.19N., R.6W.,
W.M.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The solum is 10 to 20 inches thick.
The mean annual soil
temperature is 47 degrees to 53 degrees F.
The A horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 3 or 4 moist
and chroma of 2 or 3. Gravel content
ranges from 10 to 35 percent. It is strongly acid or medium acid.
The IIC horizon is very gravelly sand or extremely gravelly sand. It is slightly acid or medium acid.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Huel and Humptulips series.
Huel soils have 2.5Y or 5Y hue.
Humptulips soils have a coarse-loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal
control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Juno soils are on alluvial bottoms at elevations
of 10 to 300 feet. Slopes are
0 to 3 percent. These soils formed in alluvium from glacial sediments.
Annual precipitation is 70 to 100
inches. Mean January temperature is about 38 degrees F.; mean
July temperature is about 62 degrees F.
The frost-free season is 130 to 170 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Belfast and
the competing Humptulips
soils. Belfast soils have a coarse-loamy control section.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat excessively drained; slow
runoff; rapid permeability.
Juno soils are subject to stream overflow.
USE AND VEGETATION: Native vegetation is mainly spruce, red alder,
western hemlock and an
understory of salal, huckleberry, blackberry, grasses and forbs.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Western Washington; series is of small extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Mason County, Washington, 1941.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U. S. A.
Established Series
Rev. SBC/RFP/RJE
05/97
HOQUIAM SERIES
The Hoquiam series consists of deep, well drained soils that
formed in old alluvium deposited over glacial
drift. These soils are on ground moraine positions in uplands
and have slopes ranging from 1 to 65 percent.
The mean annual temperature is about 50 degrees F., and the mean
annual precipitation is about 100
inches.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Medial, ferrihydritic, mesic Alic Fulvudands
TYPICAL PEDON: Hoquiam silt loam, on a northwest facing 15
percent slope under coniferous forest at
380 feet elevation. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise
noted. All textures are apparent field textures.
When described the soil was moist throughout.)
O1--3 inches to 0; accumulation of mosses, twigs and leaves;
common fine and medium roots; abrupt
smooth boundary.
A1--0 to 15 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) silt loam,
dark brown (7.5YR 4/4) dry; strong medium
granular structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky, slightly
plastic and weakly smeary; many fine, medium
and coarse roots; many very fine tubular and interstitial pores;
10 percent rounded pebbles; very strongly
acid (pH 4.6); clear wavy boundary. (10 to 20 inches thick)
B21--15 to 26 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) silt loam, strong
brown (7.5YR 5/6) dry; moderate
medium subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky,
slightly plastic; and weakly smeary;
common fine, medium and coarse roots; many very fine tubular pores;
10 percent rounded pebbles; very
strongly acid (pH 4.8); clear wavy boundary. (8 to 15 inches thick)
B22--26 to 43 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) gravelly silt loam,
yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) dry; weak fine
subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, slightly sticky, slightly
plastic; and weakly smeary; few fine roots;
common very fine tubular pores; 20 percent rounded pebbles; very
strongly acid (pH 4.8); clear wavy
boundary. (10 to 22 inches thick)
IIB23--43 to 51 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) gravelly sandy loam,
yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) dry; weak
very fine subangular blocky structure; hard, friable, nonsticky
and nonplastic; few fine roots; few very fine
interstitial pores; 30 percent rounded and subangular pebbles;
very strongly acid (pH 4.8); clear smooth
boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
IICr--51 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) dense glacial drift that
crushes to extremely gravelly loamy sand, light
yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) dry; massive; compacted; very hard,
very firm, nonsticky and nonplastic; 75
percent rounded and subangular pebbles with dark red (2.5YR 3/6)
patchy stains; weakly cemented by
iron and manganese; very strongly acid (pH 4.8).
TYPE LOCATION: Grays Habor County, Washington; 12 miles northwest
of Montesano; 100 feet west
of the Donovan Corkery Road, 1 mile north of its intersection
with the Wishkah-Wynoochee cutoff road;
SE1/4 sec. 29, T.19N., R.8W., W.M.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The solum is 40 to 55 inches thick.
The particle-size control
section is 20 to 35 percent clay and 5 to 20 percent coarse fragments.
The upper part of the control section
has less than 4 percent organic carbon. Mean annual soil temperature
ranges from 47 degrees to 51
degrees F. The soil is very strongly acid or strongly acid. The
umbric epipedon is 10 to 20 inches thick.
The A1 horizon has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR moist, 7.5YR or 10YR
dry, value of 4 or 5 dry and chroma of 2
or 3 moist and 2 through 4 dry. It has granular or subangular
blocky structure.
The B2 horizon has hue of 5YR or 7.5YR moist, 7.5YR or 10YR
dry, value of 4 or 5 moist, 5 or 6 dry
and chroma of 4 through 6. It is silt loam, gravelly silt loam,
silty clay loam or gravelly silty clay loam and is
5 to 35 percent coarse fragments.
The IIB23 horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 or 5
moist, 5 or 6 dry and chroma of 4 through
6. It is gravelly sandy loam, very gravelly sandy loam, gravelly
loam or very gravelly loam. It is 20 to 45
percent coarse fragments.
The IICr horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 or 5
moist, 5 or 6 dry and chroma of 4 through 6.
It is dense glacial till that crushes to extremely gravelly loamy
sand or very gravelly sand and is 50 to 80
percent coarse fragments.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Arta, Astoria, Boistfort, Bunker,
Copalis, Elochoman, Ilwaco,
Kinney, Knappton, Lebam, Lytell, Makah, Mopang, Narel, Newskah,
Oyhut, Palix, Papac, Silcox,
Skamo, Vesta, Walville, Willapa, Zenker and Zyzyl series. Arta
soils lack hard rock fragments and have
mottles in the lower part of the control section. Astoria soils
are silty clay or clay and lack hard rock
fragments. Boistfort soils have 35 percent or more clay and less
than 15 percent hard rock fragments.
Bunder soils have short-like concretions in the upper part of
the control section and have 15 to 35 percent
angular basalt fragments. Copalis and Papac soils have a paralithic
contact within 40 inches. Elochoman
soils lack hard rock fragments. Ilwaco soils have 4 to 7 percent
organic carbon in the upper two-thirds of
the control section and lack hard rock fragments. Kinney soils
have many shot-like concretions in the upper
part of the control section and are cobbly throughout. Knappton
soils have 4 to 7 percent organic carbon in
the upper two-thirds of the control section. Lytel, Zenker and
Zyzyl soils lack hard rock fragments and
have 35 to 80 percent soft rock fragments. Makah soils have 4
to 7 percent organic carbon in the upper
two-thirds of the control section and 15 to 40 percent soft rock
fragments. Mopang soils have 4 to 7
percent organic carbon in the upper two-thirds of the control
section. Narel and Palix soils have 4 to 7
percent organic carbon in the upper two-thirds of the control
section, lack hard rock fragments and have
20 to 80 percent soft rock fragments. Newskah soils are loam with
15 to 20 percent clay and have 4 to 7
percent organic carbon in the upper two-thirds of the control
section. Oyhut soils have a petroferric contact
at a depth of 24 to 40 inches. Silcox soils are sandy loam or
fine sandy loam and are medium acid. Skamo
soils are 35 or more percent clay, lack hard rock fragments and
have mottles. Vesta soils are 35 or more
percent clay and have 4 to 7 percent organic carbon in the upper
two-thirds of the control section. Walville
soils lack hard rock fragments, have 35 to 60 percent soft breccia
fragments and are medium acid. Willapa
soils lack hard rock fragments, have 4 to 7 percent organic carbon
in the upper two-thirds of the control
section and have mottles. Zenker and Zyzyl soils lack hard rock
fragments and have 35 to 80 percent soft
rock fragments.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Hoquiam soils are on broad ridgetops and
shoulder slopes of ground
moraines in uplands. Slopes range from 1 to 65 percent. These
soils formed in old reworked sedimentary
alluvium deposited over deeply weathered piedmont glacial drift
of early Pleistocene age. Elevation ranges
from 100 to 900 feet. They are in a humid marine climate with
cool, wet winters and cool, dry summers.
Annual precipitation ranges from 80 to 130 inches. The mean January
temperature is 38 degrees F., the
mean July temperature is 62 degrees F., and the mean annual temperature
is 50 degrees F. The growing
season (28 degrees F.) is 200 to 240 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Le Bar and the
competing Copalis,
Elochoman and Zenker soils. Le Bar soils lack hard rock fragments
and have 0.85 or less bulk density in
the control section.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; moderate permeability
to the dense glacial till,
very slow permeability through it; slow runoff in uncleared areas.
USE AND VEGETATION: Principal uses are timber production, watershed,
wildlife habitat and
recreation. Vegetation is primarily a mixed forest of Douglas-fir
and western hemlock with scattered
western redcedar and red alder. Understory species include western
swordfern, western brackenfern, salal,
red huckleberry, salmonberry, vine maple and cascara.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Grays Harbor County, Washington; north
of the Chehalis River
extending to the foothills of the Olympic Mountains. The series
is moderately extensive.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
ESTABLISHED: Grays Harbor County Area, Pacific and Wahkiakum Counties, Washington; 1979.
REMARKS: Classification only changed 4/94 because of recent amendments to Soil Taxonomy.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.
Established Series
Rev. LDG/RJE/TLA
5/98
SCHNEIDER SERIES
The Schneider series consists of deep, well drained soils formed
in colluvium from basalt or andesite and
volcanic ash. Schneider soils are on foothills and mountains.
Slopes are 5 to 90 percent. Average annual
precipitation is about 65 inches and average annual temperature
is about 49 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, mesic Andic Xerumbrepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Schneider very gravelly loam - forested. (Colors
are for moist soil unless otherwise
noted. All textures ae apparent field textures.)
Oi--1 to 0.5 inch; needles, leaves and twigs with scattered angular pebbles and cobbles on surface.
Oa--0.5to 0 inch; decomposed needles, leaves and some ash.
A--0 to 7 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) very gravelly
loam, brown (7.5YR 4/4) dry; moderate
fine granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic;
weakly smeary; NaF pH 10.5; many fine
roots; 50 percent angular basalt pebbles and 10 percent angular
cobbles; moderately acid (pH 5.6); abrupt
smooth boundary. (7 to 14 inches thick)
AB--7 to 23 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) very gravelly
loam, brown (7.5YR 4/4) dry; moderate
fine granular structure; soft, very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic;
weakly smeary; NaF pH 10.5; many
coarse medium and fine roots; 50 percent angular pebbles and 15
percent angular cobbles; moderately acid
(pH 5.6); clear smooth boundary. (15 to 22 inches thick)
Bw--23 to 48 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 4/4) extremely gravelly
silt loam, very pale brown (10YR 7/4)
dry; moderate fine granular structure; soft, very friable, slightly
sticky and slightly plastic; weakly smeary;
NaF pH 10.5; common coarse medium and fine roots; 55 percent angular
pebbles; 15 percent angular
cobbles; moderately acid (pH 5.8); abrupt wavy boundary. (17 to
30 inches thick)
R--48 inches; fractured basalt.
TYPE LOCATION: Kitsap County, Washington; 600 feet east and
1,900 feet south of the northwest
corner of sec. 26, T. 24 N., R. 1 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: These soils are usually moist but
are dry in the moisture control
section for 45 to 60 consecutive days following summer solstice
in 7 years out of 10. Depth to basalt
ranges from 40 to more than 60 inches. The 10- to 40-inch control
section averages 35 to 80 percent rock
fragments, dominantly angular pebbles. Below 800 feet elevation,
there are rounded glacial pebbles in some
pedons. The particle-size control section is dominated by amorphous
material except for bulk density.
Some pedons have a C horizon.
The A horizon has moist hue of 5YR through 10YR, value of 2
or 3 moist, 3 through 5 dry, and chroma of
2 or 3 moist. This horizon is slightly acid to strongly acid.
The AB horizon has hue of 5YR through 10YR, value of 2 or 3
moist, 3 through 5 dry and chroma of 2 to
4 dry. It is loam or silt loam, and is very gravelly, very cobbly,
extremely cobbly, or extremely gravelly. This
horizon is slightly acid to strongly acid.
The Bw horizon has hue of 5YR through 10YR, value of 3 through
5 moist, 4 through 7 dry, and chroma of
2 through 4 moist and dry. It is loam or silt loam and is very
gravelly, very cobbly, extremely cobbly, or
extremely gravelly. This horizon is slightly acid or moderately
acid.
COMPETING SERIES: This is the Putt series and the similar Delphi
and Siouxon series. Putt soils are
weakly cemented or compacted at a depth of 20 to 34 inches. Delphi
and Siouxon soils have an average
bulk density of less than 0.95 g/cc in the particle-size control
section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Schneider soils are on foothills and mountains
at elevations of 50 to 1,800
feet. Slopes are 5 to 90 percent. These soils formed in colluvium
from basalt or andesite and volcanic ash,
but are influenced by glacial drift below an elevation of 800
feet. The average annual precipitation is 50 to
75 inches with relatively cool, dry summers and mild, wet winters.
Average January temperature is about
38 degrees F, average July temperature is about 63 degrees F.
The frost-free season at 32 degrees F is
150 to 200 days. The growing season at 28 degrees F is 160 to
210 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Bunker and Tebo
soils and the
competing Delphi soils. Tebo soils are fine-loamy. Bunker soils
have a udic moisture regime.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; medium to rapid runoff; moderate permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Used for timber production. Douglas-fir,
western hemlock and red alder are
the main tree species with an understory of salal, western swordfern,
vine maple, western brackenfern, red
huckleberry, Oregongrape, cascara buckthorn, trailing blackberry,
deer fern, rose, Indian plum, and
salmonberry.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Low mountains and foothills in southwestern
Washington. The series
is of moderate extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Kitsap County, Washington, 1977.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this
pedon are an umbric epipedon from the
mineral surface to 23 inches and a cambic horizon from 23 to 48
inches. The bulk density is assumed to be
less than 0.95 g/cc in the upper 7 to 14 inches of the profile
and average more than 0.95 g/cc in the
particle-size control section.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.
Established Series
Rev. WJL-RJE
4/94
DECKERVILLE SERIES
The Deckerville series consists of deep poorly drained soils
formed in recent alluvium and glacial outwash in
swales, slight depressions, and along waterways on glacial terraces.
Slopes are 0 to 2 percent. The average
annual precipitation is 70 to 100 inches. The mean annual temperature
is about 50 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal, mixed,
nonacid, mesic Aquandic
Humaquepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Deckerville gravelly loam.
A1--0 to 6 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) gravelly loam, black
(10YR 2/1) moist; strong medium granular
structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly
plastic; strongly acid (pH 5.2); gradual smooth
boundary (5 to 10 inches thick)
A2--6 to 16 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) gravelly clay loam,
black (10YR 2/1) moist; strong fine and
medium granular structure; very hard, friable, slightly sticky
and slightly plastic; moderately acid (pH 5.6);
gradual smooth boundary. (9 to 15 inches thick)
AC--16 to 26 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2), gravelly
loam very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist;
common gray and yellowish brown mottles; weak fine subangular
blocky structure; hard, friable, slightly
sticky and slightly plastic; moderately acid (pH 6.0); abrupt
wavy boundary (10 to 15 inches thick)
2C--26 to 60 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) very gravelly
loamy coarse sand, dark yellowish brown
(10YR 4/4) moist; many gray and strong brown mottles; massive;
soft, very friable nonsticky and
nonplastic; slightly acid (pH 6.1).
TYPE LOCATION: Mason County Washington about 2 miles south
of Deckerville in Sec 29, T. 20 N.,
R. 6 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The mean annual soil temperature
is 50 to 54 degrees F. The
umbric epipedon is 24 to 36 inches and is the same as the depth
to the 2C horizon. Coarse fragments
average from 5 to 35 percent in the upper part of the particle
size control section and from 35 to 70
percent in the lower part.
The A horizon has value of 3 or 4 dry and chroma of 1 or 2
moist and dry. it is moderately acid or strongly
acid.
The AC horizon has value of 3 or 4 dry and chroma of 1 or 2
moist and dry. Texture is gravelly loam,
loam, silty clay loam, clay loam, or gravelly clay loam. It is
slightly acid or moderately acid.
The 2C horizon has value of 4 to 6 dry, 3 to 5 moist and chroma
of 1 to 4 moist and dry and is mottled.
Texture is very gravelly loamy coarse sand, extremely gravelly
coarse sand or very gravelly coarse sand. it
is slightly acid or moderately acid.
COMPETING SERIES: This is the similar Koch series. Koch soils
are coarse-loamy over sandy or
sandy -skeletal.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Deckerville soils are in swales, slight
depressions, and along waterways on
glacial outwash terraces. These soils formed in recent alluvium
and glacial outwash. Slopes are 0 to 2
percent. Elevations range from sea level to 1,000 feet. The climate
is characterized by cool, wet winters
and cool, relatively dry summers. The average annual precipitation
is 70 to 100 inches. The mean January
temperature is about 38 degrees F. and the mean July temperature
is about 64 degrees F. The mean annual
temperature is about 50 degrees F. The frost-free season is 165
to 195 days.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Solduc and Hoquiam
soils. These soils
have a udic moisture regime. In addition Solduc soils are medial-skeletal
and Hoquiam soils are medial.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained slow to ponded runoff.
Permeability is moderate
in the solum and rapid in the substratum. An apparent water table
is as high as the surface to 1 foot below
the surface at times from November to June unless the soil is
drained.
USE AND VEGETATION: Used for woodland, cropland and pasture.
Oats and grass-legume hay are
common crops. Native vegetation is western redcedar, western hemlock
and red alder with an understory
of spirea, sedge, rush, western swordfern, vine maple, trailing
blackberry, salmonberry and willow.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Olympic rain forest in western Washington.
The series is of small
extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Portland, Oregon
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Mason County Washington 1953.
REMARKS: Classification only changed 4/94 because of recent
amendments to Soil Taxonomy.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are
an umbric epipedon from the surface to 26
inches and an abrupt change to sandy-skeletal material at 26 inches.
The profile is assumed to have an
irregular decrease in organic carbon with depth. This draft reflects
an update in format only of a 1955
description.
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.