Week 2 - Introduction to the Physical/ Biological Structure and Dynamics of Puget Sound

Required Reading

Jan Newton, Glenn Cannon

January 13, 1999

Circulation Physical Forcing, Climate - Glenn Cannon

Biological Production - R. Strickland, J. Newton

Outline:

Physical Oceanography of Puget Sound

A. What is an estuary?
1. Definition
2. Coastal Plain Estuary
3. Fjord

B. Where is Puget Sound?
1. Early exploration
2. Present definitions

C. Circulation in Puget Sound
1. Water properties, stratification
2. Tidal flow
3. Non-tidal flow

D. Various types of estuaries within Puget Sound

E. Variations in non-tidal circulation
1. Processes causing time variations; intrusions, winds, topography
2. Spatial and cross-channel variations
3. Models

References:

Cannon, G.A., D.E. Bretschneider, and J.R. Holbrook (1984). Transport
variability in a fjord, in The Estuary as a Filter, V.S. Kennedy (ed.),
Academic Press, pp. 67-78.
[handout; general features]

Bretschneider, D.E., G.A.-Cannon, J.R.-Holbrook, and D.J.-Pashinski
(1985).- Variability of subtidal current structure in a fjord estuary:
Puget Sound, Washington, J.-Geophys.-Res., 90, 11949-11958.
[circulation processes; intrusions and wind effects]

Cannon, G.A., J.R.-Holbrook, and D.J.-Pashinski (1990). Variations in
the onset of bottom-water intrusions over the entrance sill of a fjord,
Estuaries, 13, 31-42.
[intrusions]

Matsuura, H., and G.A. Cannon (1997). Wind effects on sub-tidal
currents in Puget Sound, J. Oceanogr., 53, 53-66.
[winds]

Cannon, G.A.,-and D.E.-Bretschneider (1986). Interchanges between
coastal and fjord circulation, in Contaminant Fluxes through the Coastal
Zone, G. Kullenberg (ed.), Rapp. P.-v. Reun. Cons. int. Explor. Mer,
188, 38-48.
[Strait of Juan de Fuca]

Lavelle, J.W., E.D. Cokelet, and G.A. Cannon (1991). A model study of
density intrusions into and circulation within a deep silled estuary:
Puget Sound, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 16,779-16,800.
[models]

Outline:

Biological Oceanography of the Puget Sound

A) Basic food web overview (intro to kinds)

B) Forcings on primary production nutrients, light effects of stratification

C) Seasonal variation in Puget Sound

D) Spatial variation in Puget Sound

E) Food webs revisited

F) Forcings on secondary production

G) Trophic transfer

H) Predator-prey/food chain synchronization

I) Seasonal variation in Puget Sound

J) Climate/weather impacts