Geography 520 : Winter 2009
Geographic Information Representation Seminar:
Participation and Geographic Information Systems
Tuesday 3:30-6:20PM
http://courses.washington.edu/geog520
Instructor:
Tim Nyerges, Professor Office Hours: MTW 11:30-12:20 AM, or by appointment
402 Smith Hall, 206-543-5296
Course Learning Objective:
Provide students an opportunity to explore methods associated with new developments in geographic information technology, particularly as related to group participation and GIS to be used for community and regional sustainability work.
Course Description:
Geographic
information representation is a fundamental aspect of geographic information
use. This seminar focuses on system
development and use of Internet GIS, WebGIS,
Participatory GIS (PGIS), Public Participation GIS (PPGIS) that can be used to
support improving regional and community well-being. We discuss approaches to
information needs, system requirements, technology implementations, and the use
of systems. We will explore and critique example systems. Feasibility of
Internet GIS functionality will be considered in terms of system architectures.
Multiple phases of GIS data processing are addressed in terms of “information
structures” to promote shared understanding among broad-based groups of
people. An information structure is a representation of information
potentially understandable by a broad group of people, e.g., value trees,
decision paths, maps, timelines, tables, and commenting windows, and other such
conventions that foster analysis and deliberation about geospatial
information. Such information structures are the underpinnings of intellectual
artifacts to support analytic-deliberative dialog about complex geographical
problems, e.g. land use, transportation, and water resource
sustainability.
Prerequisite: Background in at least one course in GIS, interest in PPGIS GIS, or Instructor’s permission.
Basis of Grades:
1. Class participation (25% of course grade) - All members of the seminar are responsible for reading at least two of the suggested items each week, and scanning the remainder. The more you read, the better perspective you have. All students are responsible for bringing two copies of two discussion questions/issues to each class session based on interests/questions associated with each of the readings; and be prepared to discuss the question answer/issue. One copy of these questions/issues is for Tim Nyerges; the other copy is for student reference and to keep a record of interests from that session. Students will use the questions/issues in developing a course synthesis essay. After each class students should write into a journal their impressions about topics discussed in class as relevant to their own questions/issues. I guarantee that this activity will help you with the course synthesis essay.
2. Course synthesis essay (25% of course grade) - A course synthesis essay is to be compiled using the questions/issues and responses generated for each class discussion. This synthesis is to focus on the learning outcomes you have attained in the class relevant to your subject interest - preferably your own research topic. Taking a subject matter of your concern you should ask yourself the following question before and after each seminar session. How has this seminar session contributed to a better understanding (confusion) of the topics associated with that subject? Course Synthesis Essay is due the last day of class and will be the topic of discussion for that session.
3. Research paper (50% of course grade) - Please see/email Tim Nyerges early in the course to discuss a research topic of interest to you. The research paper will be your interpretation of design and use of geographic information representations in relation to a topic of your choice - preferably your own research. The paper is to be approximately 15 double-spaced pages in length (a bit more or less is OK), not including the diagrams and references. The research paper is due the Monday of finals week.
Geographic Information Representation Seminar: Participation and Geographic Information Systems
CW – indicates availability through course web site
PL – indicates availability through public URL
LC – indicates availability
through UW library catalog
January 6 - Week 1: How can we situate participation
and GIS?
Seminar participant introductions
Discuss course syllabus – requirements and topics
Discussion of research interests represented in the course – connections to syllabus (if any)
Open discussion about any and all topics. For example, is this the course for you?
January 13 - Week 2: What are some examples of
Public/Group Participation GIS?
Workstation-based
CW - Talen, E. (2000) Bottom-Up GIS: A New Tool for Individual and Group Expression in Participatory Planning, Journal of the American Planning Association, 66(3):279-294.
CW – Ramasubramanian, L. (1999). Nurturing Community Empowerment: Participatory Decision Making and Community Based Problem Solving Using GIS, in M. Craglia and H. Onsrud (eds.) Geographic Information Research: Trans-Atlantic Perspectives, Taylor & Francis, pp. 87-102.
Internet-based
CW - Peng,
Z-R and M-H. Tsou (2003) Internet
GIS,
CW – Shiffer, M. (2002) Spatial multimedia representations to support community participation, in W. Craig, T. Harris, and D. Weiner (eds) Community participation and GIS, Taylor and Francis, pp. 309-319.
CW - Rinner, C. (2001) Argumentation maps: GIS-based discussion support for on-line planning. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 28(6):847-863.
CW
- Carver, S. A. Evans, R. Kingston,
January 20 - Week 3: What is the general nature of participation and/or involvement with GIS?
CW - Sieber, Renee (2006) Public Participation Geographic Information Systems: A Literature Review and Framework. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 96 (3), 491–507.
CW – Nyerges, T. and M. Patrick (2007) Rethinking Public Participation as Instant Access to Virtual Meetings, in H. Miller (ed.) Societies and Cities in the Age of Instant Access, Dordrecht, Springer, 331-342.
CW - Willson, Richard. (2001). Assessing communicative rationality as a transportation planning paradigm. Transportation 28:1-31.
CW -
CW - Renn, O. B. Blattel-Mink, H. Kastenholz (1997) Discursive Methods in Environmental Decision Making, Business Strategy and the Environment, 6(4):218-231.
CW – Keeney, R., D. Winterfeldt, et al. (1990) Eliciting Public Values for Complex Policy Decisions. Management Science 36(9): 1011.
January 27 - Week 4: What are some fundamentals of public participation and community involvement?
CW - Schlossberg, M. and E. Shuford 2005. Delineating “Public” and “Participation” in PPGIS, URISA Journal, 16(2):15-26.
PL - International Association of Public Participation, Spectrum Levels. Last access December 6, 2005
CW - Smith, S. (1999) Guidebook for Transportation Corridor Studies: A Process of Effective Decision-Making, National Cooperative Highway Research Program, no. 435, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D. C. Chapter 5 about Community Involvement and Outreach
PL - Stein/Hudson and others (1996) published on the web as Federal Highway Administration A Citizen's Guide to Transportation Decision-making. http://www.fhwa.dot.gov///////planning/citizen/index.htm Last Accessed December 6, 2005. Copy and paste into browser if clicking on link does not work. OK, so if that one is a dead link then try this one (January 10, 2006) Public Involvement Techniques For Transportation Decision-Making.
CW - Arnstein, S. (1969) A Ladder of Citizen Participation, American Institute of Planners Journal, July 1969, 216-224.
CW - Connor, D. M. (1988) A New Ladder of Citizen Participation. National Civic Review 77(3): 249-57.
CW - Wiedemann, P. M., and S. Femers (1993) Public participation in waste management decision making: analysis and management of conflicts. Journal of Hazardous Materials 33(3): 355-68.
February 3 - Week 5: What is a process for system development?
Jankowski, Piotr, Steven Robischon, David Tuthill, Timothy Nyerges, Kevin Ramsey (2006) Design Considerations and Evaluation of a Collaborative, Spatio-Temporal Decision Support System. Transactions in GIS 10 (3), 335–354.
CW – Nyerges, T., K. Ramsey,
and M. Wilson (2006) Design
Considerations for an Internet Portal to Support Public Participation in
Transportation Improvement Decision Making, in Shivanand Balram and Suzana
Dragicevic (eds.) Collaborative
Geographic Information Systems. Idea Group Inc.,
Interesting earlier material:
CW -
Jankowski, P. and Nyerges, T. (2001) Geographic Information Systems for
Group Decision Making: Toward a Participatory, Geographic Information Science,
CW - Peng, Z-R. (1999) An Assessment Framework for the Development of Internet GIS, Environment and Planning B; Planning and Design, 26:117-132.
CW - Peng, Z-R (2001) Internet GIS for Public Participation, Environment and Planning B; Planning and Design, 28(6):889-905.
CW - Nyerges, T. and J. Wu (2005) PGIST Development – A Multi-Language Approach. PGIST internal report.
For the very technically inclined:
PL - ISO/TC-211 & OGC (2002) Geographic Information Services Draft ISO/DIS 19119. OpenGIS Service Architecture v. 4.13. Draft Version. International Organization for Standardization & OpenGIS Consortium.
Topic 12
PL - Open GIS Consortium - http://www.opengeospatial.org/specs/ accessed December 13, 2005.
When arriving at web site, do a keyword search on “GML”. Geography Markup Language is the GIS industries specification for XML encoding. It is still evolving.
February 10 - Week 6:
Discussion of paper topics and any seminar readings to date
Bring X copies of an outline
of your research topic, one for each of the participants.
February 17 - Week 7: What frameworks are useful for unpacking complexity?
CW -
Jankowski, P. and Nyerges, T. 2001.
Geographic Information Systems for Group Decision Making: Toward a
Participatory, Geographic Information Science,
CW - Peng,
Z-R and M-H. Tsou (2003) Internet
GIS,
CW - Claus Rinner (2003) Web-based Spatial Decision Support: Status and Research Directions, Journal of Geographic Information and Decision Analysis, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 14-31. We read this one in terms of how a functionality specifications lead to system design.
CW – W. Robert Lovan, Michael Murray, Ron Shaffer (2004) Participatory Governance in a Changing World in W. Robert Lovan, Michael Murray, Ron Shaffer (eds.) Participatory Governance: Planning Conflict Mediation and Public Decision-Making in Civil Society, Hants, England: Ashgate, pp. 23-38,
CW – Archon Fung and Erik Olin Wright (2003) Thinking about Empowered Participatory Governance, in Archon Fung and Erik Olin Wright (eds.) Deepening Democracy, London, Verso, pp 3-42 (chapter 1).
February 24 - Week 8: How can we evaluate the use(fullness) of participatory GIS technologies?
CW -
CW -
Jankowski, P. and Nyerges, T. 2001.
Geographic Information Systems for Group Decision Making: Toward a
Participatory, Geographic Information Science,
CW - Nyerges, T., T J Moore, R. Montejano, M. Compton, 1998. Interaction Coding Systems for Studying the Use of Groupware, Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 13(2):127-165.
CW - T. Nyerges, P. Jankowski, D. Tuthill, K. Ramsey. 2006. Collaborative Water Resource Decision Making: Results of a Field Experiment, Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 96(4):699–725.
PL & LC Discussion of questions 6 and 7 of the Sustainability Science and Technology core questions as found in Kates, R. K., Clark, W. C., Corell, R., Hall, J. M., Jaeger, C. C., Lowe, I., McCarthy, J. J., Schellnhuber, H. J., Bolin, B., Dickson, N. M., Faucheux, S., Gallopin, G. C., Grubler, A., Huntley, B., Jager, J., Jodha, N. S., Kasperson, R. E., Mabogunje, A., Matson, P., Mooney, H., Moore III, B., O’Riordan, T., Svedin, U. (2001) Sustainability Science to obtain it you must be logged on with your UW network ID as it is restricted, or search on Science, Vol 292, 27 April 2001, 641-642. in Lib Catalog search is for “Science (Weekly)”
March 3 - Week 9: What are student research interests in regards to a research paper?
Discussion of student research paper topics. Bring X copies of your 250 word (give or take a few words) abstract of your research paper to class for discussion, one for each participant.
March 10 - Week 10: How should we reflect on the material this quarter?
Bring X copies of course synthesis essay to class for discussion, one for each participant. Note: This is not the same as the research paper; but it is likely related to that paper. It is a reflection on your interests as they developed over the quarter. An expository style of writing is required, that is it is like an essay.
CW – T. Nyerges - Reflections on and Directions for PPGIS Research
CW - Levine, P., A. Fung, J.
Gastil, (2005) Future
Directions for Public Deliberation, in Gastil, J and P. Levine (eds.) The
Deliberative Democracy Handbook.
CW - T. Nyerges 2005. Scaling-Up as a Grand Challenge for Public Participation GIS, Directions Magazine, September 20, http://www.directionsmag.com/article.php?article_id=1965
PL - Carver, S. 2003. The Future of Participatory Approaches using Geographic Information: Developing a Research Agenda for the 21st Century. URISA Journal 15(Access and Participatory Approaches (APA) 1): 61-71,
Final paper due Monday March 16 - Week 11 Note: No final exam