Additional comments for Final Review

ID list error:  Clement VII, (NOT Clement VIII)
                             second Medici Pope (after Leo X)

See updated ID list; I have removed a few items we didn’t get to
                                   they are now X’d out.

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Lecture error:  this is the correct information on Black/White split

Factional split within Guelf party in Florence:

Black Guelfs: older Guelf aristocracy allied with Papacy
                leader Corso Donati: Dante’s brother-in-law
White Guelfs: leader Guido Cavalcanti = Dante’s best friend
           newer families, banking and trade: Vieri dei Cerchi     

1301 POPE BONIFACE VIII  --
         sends in military force under French Charles of Valois
          Blacks take power; Whites exiled as Ghibellines
         Dante condemned in absentia, exile in Verona, Ravenna

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Section Review:  Here are some items that came up in section today.

Political Structures:  The best way to organize your review of the political
              issues is to take each of the following areas, and pick one or two
              political leaders or events that demonstrate the general trend of
              political developments. 
Areas/states:  English monarchy
                       Angevin Empire
                       French monarchy
                        Holy Roman Empire
                        Italian city states:  Florence, Rome (Papal States) 
What are the basic structures of government in each of these areas?
Is the government centralized or decentralized?
                              elective or hereditary?
                              monarchical or republican?
What are some turning points in each case that show the direction of
          political events?  Two examples for each area is enough.

Dynasties:  note the role of personal dynastic power in “putting together”
                   certain temporary political “empires.”  The main examples here are
              1) Angevin Empire: personal inheritance of Henry II (also his marriage)
                         separate titles: King of England, Duke of Normandy, Anjou, Aquitaine etc
              2) Hapsburg Empire of Charles V:  inheritance and marriages
                                   arranged by Maximillian
           -- separate states are included in that empire, such as Spain,
                       Duchy of Austria and Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire, by contrast is a formal political entity with an elected Emperor
                     and institutions such as Diet of the Empire, Electors etc; in this sense it
                     is not a "personal empire" like the two mentioned above.