WEEK 1  INTRODUCTION: THEMES, ISSUES, DEFINITION OF TERMS                                   

 Reading: Cohn, Europe's Inner Demons, Ch 1 (on stereotype), pp. 1-15;
                                                                         Ch 8 (on Margaret Murray), pp. 144-161
                 Levack, Ch 1 "Introduction,"  3rd edition, pp. 1-29   (2cd ed pp. 1-26)

T  4/2  Introduction to course:  What was witchcraft?  Who were the accused witches?
              Basic Themes: 1) witch beliefs versus witch trials  2) learned and popular levels of witch belief

Th  4/4   Witchcraft as a belief system: anthropological approaches  
      Definition of terms: witchcraft, magic, sorcery, superstition

 F  4/5  SECTION DISCUSSION: Cohn, Ch 1 and 8, also Purkiss Handout #1

PART I.  EUROPEAN WITCH BELIEFS FROM THE MIDDLE AGES TO THE REFORMATION

WEEK 2  Reading: Levack, Ch 2, "Intellectual Foundations," 3rd edition, pp.  30-73;     (2cd ed pp. 27-67)
                                  Kors and Peters (2cd ed), pp. 42-47 (Augustine), 60-67 (Canon Episcopi),
                                                                                   81-86 (St. Justina), 115-132 (Vox in Rama)
                                   Cohn, Europe's Inner Demons, Ch 2 (on Devil), pp. 16-34
                                                                                    Ch 3-4 (on demonization of heretics), pp. 35-78      
                                                                                    Ch 9 (on night-witch/striga), pp. 162-180

  T 4/9   The Problem of evil: Judaic, Classical and Christian versions
                        READ: selections from Book of Job (Handout #2), and  Augustine, K&P 42-47
                Christianity and Paganism: the conversion of Europe:
                        READ:  K&P, 81-86 (St. Justina)

 Th  4/11       Early medieval witchcraft legislation (Handout #3) and Canon Episcopi
                        EXPLANATION AND DISCUSSION OF FIRST ESSAY TOPICS
                   13th C Heresy and the medieval  Inquisition

  F  4/12        SECTION DISCUSSION:    What did people believe about witches in early Middle Ages?
                      READING:  Early witchcraft legislation (Handout);  Canon Episcopi, K&P pp. 60-67;
                                         Cohn Chap. 9 (on night witch or striga)

**    FIRST SHORT ESSAY DUE TUESDAY APRIL 16  (3-4 pp)  see page 4 of syllabus

   WEEK 3    Reading: Levack Ch 3 Legal Foundation, 3rd ed, pp. 74-108 (2cd ed, pp. 68-99);
                                     Cohn, Europe's Inner Demons, Ch 6-7  (on ritual magic), 103-143
                                     Kors & Peters, pp. 133-37 (Bernardino), 180-204  (Malleus on women)          

T 4/16     Scholasticism and Demonology:  Thomas Aquinas on demons
                   SLIDES: Images of demons in 15-16th C. art
                   Sorcery and Politics in 14th  Century Europe

Th  4/18    Scapegoating: Demonization of the Jews
                   Women in Middle Ages: Attitudes and images  (SLIDES)

F   4/19    SECTION DISCUSSION: What image of women emerges in sermons, treatises? 
                    READING: Bernadino of Siena against women sorcerers: K&P, 133-137
                                        Malleus Maleficarum on women as witches: K&P, 180-204

 WEEK 4   Reading:  Kors & Peters, pp. 204-229 (Malleus on trial procedure)
                                            pp. 155-159 (Nider), 176-180 (Papal Bull)
                                Cohn, Europe's Inner Demons, Ch 11-12 (witch hunt), pp 202-233

 T 4/23    Growth of witch trials & witch theory in 15th century
                                Read Nider, Formicarius in K&P, pp. 155-159
                The Inquisitor as Witch Hunter: Kramer and Sprenger, O.P.
                                Read Innocent VIII, Papal Bull Summis desiderantes, K&P, 176-180

 Th 4/25    Malleus Maleficarum, 1486: Theory & practice of witch-hunting
                 MIDTERM REVIEW Learned vs popular elements of witch beliefs & trials - 15th C.

 F 4/26    Discussion: Malleus on how to conduct a witch trial: K&P, 204-229;
               Review for Midterm

Weekend of 4/27-28: Start reading Doctor Faustus if you have time; not on midterm
                                       but it will be  discussed in section Fri 5/3

WEEK V
T 4/30 MIDTERM EXAM (BRING BLUE BOOKS) covers lectures & reading material through Week 4

WEEK V   PART II:   EUROPEAN WITCH PANIC OF THE 16TH & 17TH CENTURIES            

Reading:    Kors & Peters, pp. 239-45, 259-270; Marlowe, Doctor Faustus
                     Levack, Ch. 4 "Impact of Reformation," 3rd ed, pp. 109-133, (2cd ed. pp. 100-124)

Th 5/1         Natural magic in the Renaissance learned tradition
                     Reformation theology & the myth of Faust

Fr  5/2      SECTION DISCUSSION: Marlowe's Doctor Faustus

WEEK VI     Reading:        *Xerox Packet: #l Weyer, Bodin & Brenz;
                    Levack, Ch 5-6, 3rd ed, pp 134-203, (2cd ed pp. 125-184)
                    Kors & Peters (2cd ed), pp. 280-281, 287-302 (Weyer & Bodin), optional 394-401 (Scot),

T 5/7         Impact of the Reformation on European witch beliefs
                  16th century witch debate: Weyer, Bodin, Brenz, & Scot    

Th 5/9        English witch trials: a separate case? Handout on English statutes    
                  Matthew Hopkins: the “Witchfinder General” and the English Civil War
                               READ: K&P Chelmsford trials, pp.302-8

Fr 5/10       SECTION DISCUSSION: 16th century witch debate: Weyer, Bodin, Brenz, & Reginald Scot

WEEK 7     Reading:     Kors & Peters, pp  345-55, 359-67, 425-29;
                                         Levack Ch 7, 3rd ed pp. 204-252 (2cd ed pp. 185-232); 
                                         Xerox Packet: Sections #3-4 Selections on Germany, France

T  5/14       Scottish witch hunt and King James Stuart (VI & I) Read K&P,  Scotland 318-322
                  France & Switzerland    READ K&P, 345-48 (Marie Cornu), 359-367 (Suzanne Gaudry)

Th 5/16       German witch panic  READ XEROX PACKET, #3 Germany (Trial of Walpurga Hausmannin)
                               Kors & Peters, pp  348-55 (Bamberg, Wurzburg, Bonn), pp. 425-429 (von Spee)

Fr  5/17          Discussion: Reading witch trials: sections will discuss the trials read for this week

 WEEK 8        Reading: Godbeer, The Salem Witch Hunt: a Brief History with Documents
                                        XEROX PACKET #6 SALEM (Medical theories)
                                        Kors & Peters, 367-70 (Cotton Mather), 436-37 (Salem jurors)       

 T  5/21      Possession and exorcism in France, England and Italy
                   Late witch trials: Scandinavia and Eastern Europe

 Th  5/23      Salem Witch Trials of 1692: The social context of witchcraft accusations
                    Puritan New England : theological and procedural issues; historical interpretations
                    READ: XEROX PACKET #6 SALEM (Medical theories)

 Fr 5/24       SECTION:   Godbeer The Salem Witch Hunt:  What happened at Salem?         

 WEEK 9      Reading: on benandanti from Xerox section #7 Ginzburg, Night Battles, pp 1-39, 147-171 

 T  5/28       Spain: The Basque trials and the Spanish Inquisition
                                     READ: K&P, Salazar, 407-419; XEROX PACKET #6 SPAIN (Henningsen )

 Th  5/30       Roman Inquisition trials in Italy: heresy versus "superstition" & witchcraft and benandanti
                      Benandanti as “counter-witches” 
                      READ: Ginzburg, Night Battles, pp 1-39, 147-171; Packet O’Neil  article 

 F  5/31       SECTION DISCUSSION:  The Benandanti and the Inquisition

** SECOND PAPER DUE TUESDAY JUNE 4 AT LECTURE**

WEEK 10       Reading:     Levack, Ch 8, 3rd ed, pp. 252-288 Ch 9 3rd ed, pp. 289-308   (2cd ed 233-260);
                                            XEROX PACKET: #8 Skeptics; Kors & Peters, pp. 402-406, 429-435, 438-444

T 6/4           17th C: Skepticism, materialism and the Scientific Revolution
                      Historical Postscript: 18th C. Rationalism & 19th C. Romanticism             

Th 6/6           20th C Anthropological & feminist interpretations; "Witch revivals"
                     “Witch-hunting" analogues: 1) McCarthyism 2) child abuse cases
                      Conclusion: chronology, geography & explanations for witch trials

F  6/7           SEC TION DISCUSSION:  Why did Europe stop believing in witches?
                                    XEROX PACKET #8 Skeptics (Cyrano & Malebranche)
                                    Kors & Peters, pp. 402-06 (Montaigne), 438-444 (Bayle)

FINAL EXAM:  4:30-6:20 p.m. Wednesday, June 12  REGULAR CLASSROOM