Supplement 4.1: Table and Kitchen Vocabulary
a. meals
brokastis, -īm |
breakfast |
dzēriens, -am |
drink |
azaids, -am |
meal, repast |
pusdienas, -ām |
lunch, dinner |
ēdiens, -am |
food |
maltīte, -ei |
meal |
launags, -am |
afternoon snack |
ēdienreize, -ei |
meal time |
pārtika, -ai |
victuals, provisions |
vakariņas, -ām |
supper |
ēdamreize, -ei |
meal time |
uzturs, -am |
substinence |
uzkoda, -ai |
snack, tidbit |
|
|
b. meat, fish and poultry
aknas, -ām |
liver |
asaris, -im |
perch |
bekons, -am |
bacon |
bute, -ei |
flounder |
cepetis, -im |
roast |
forele, -ei |
trout |
desa, -ai |
sausage |
ikri, -iem |
caviar, roe |
aknu desa |
liverwurst |
ķilava, -ai |
sprat |
dūmu desa |
smoked/dried sausage |
lasis, -im |
salmon |
gaļa, -ai |
meat |
līdaka, -ai |
pike |
cūkas gala |
pork |
nēğis, -im |
lamprey |
brieža gala |
venison |
siļķe, -ei |
herring |
jēra gala |
lamb |
vēzis, -im |
lobster |
liellopa gala |
beef |
ardīne, -ei |
sardine |
malta gala |
ground meat (beef) |
zivs, -ij |
fish |
teļa gala |
veal |
zutis, -im |
eel |
vērša gala |
beef |
cālis, -im |
chicken |
karbonāde, -ei |
chop |
pīle, -ei |
duck |
klopsis, -im |
meat sauce |
tītars, -am |
turkey |
kotlete, -ei |
hamburger |
zoss, -ij |
goose |
šķiņķis, -im |
ham |
zupa, -ai |
soup |
uzgriežamais, -am |
cold cut |
|
|
c. fruits and vegetables
biete, -ei |
beet |
ābols, -am |
apple |
burkāns, -am |
carrot |
ananāss, -ij |
pineapple |
dārzājs, -am |
vegetable green |
apelsīns, -am |
orange |
dārzenis, -im |
vegetable green |
arbūzs, -am |
watermelon |
gurķis, -im |
cucumber |
auglis, -im |
fruit |
skābais gurķis |
pickle |
avene, -ei |
raspberry |
kālis, -im |
turnip |
banāns, -am |
banana |
kāposti, -iem |
cabbage |
bumbieris, -im |
pear |
puķu kāposti |
cauliflower |
citrons, -am |
lemon |
skābie kāposti |
sauerkraut |
datele, -ei |
date |
kartupelis, -im |
potato |
ērkšķoga, -ai |
gooseberry |
ķiploks, -am |
garlic |
persiks, -am |
peach |
kukurūza, -ai |
corn |
grepfruts, -am |
grapefruit |
loks, -am |
leek |
jāņoga, -ai |
currant |
miza, -ai |
rind, skin, peel |
ķirbis, -im |
pumpkin |
pupa, -ai |
bean |
ķirsis, -im |
cherry |
redīss, -am |
radish |
mellene, -ei |
blueberry |
rīsi, -iem |
rice |
melone, -ei |
melon |
sakne, -ei |
vegetable; root |
oga, -ai |
berry |
salāti, -iem |
lettuce, salad |
olīva, -ai |
olive |
selerija, -ai |
celery |
rabarbers, -am |
rhubarb |
sēne, -ei |
mushroom |
plūme, -ei |
plum |
sīpols, -am |
onion |
rozīne, -ei |
raisin |
sparğeli, -im |
asparagus |
spināti, -iem |
spinach |
vīğe, -ei |
fig |
vīnoga, -ai |
grape |
tomāts, -am |
tomato |
zemene, -ei |
strawberry |
zirnis, -im |
pea |
|
|
d. drinks
alus, -um |
beer |
ledus, -um |
ice |
ūdens, -im |
water |
degvīns, -am |
brandy; spirits |
paniņas, -am |
buttermilk |
vājpiens, -am |
skim milk |
kafija, -ai |
coffee |
piens, -am |
milk |
vīns, -am |
wine |
kokteilis, -im |
cocktail |
sula, -ai |
juice |
zelteris, -im |
soda, seltzer |
tēja, -ai |
tea |
|
|
e. dessert
cepums, -am |
pastry |
kūka, -ai |
cake |
sīrups, -am |
syrup |
ievārījums, -am |
jam |
ķīselis, -im |
clear pudding |
šokolāde, -ei |
chocolate |
konfekte, -ei |
piece of candy |
medus, -um |
honey |
torte, -ei |
layer cake |
kūciņa, -ai |
cookie |
pudiņš, -am |
pudding |
želeja, -ai |
gelatin |
saldējums, -am |
ice cream |
|
|
f. breads
drupata, -ai |
crumb |
pīrāgs, -am |
meat-filled pastry |
garoza, -ai |
crust |
plācenis, -im |
flat-cake |
kliņğeris, -im |
knot-shaped pastry, twist |
putra, -ai |
porridge |
kukulis, -im |
loaf |
auzu pārslu putra |
oatmeal porridge |
maize, -ei |
bread |
mannas putra |
farina |
baltmaize |
white bread |
putraimu putra |
groats porridge |
saldskābmaize |
sour dough bread |
rausis, -im |
biscuit, pie |
sviestmaize |
sandwich |
raugs, -am |
yeast |
macaroni, -iem |
Macaroni (pasta) |
rieksts, -am |
nut |
mērce, -ei |
gravy, sauce |
riekstu sviests |
peanut butter |
mīkla, -ai |
dough |
sacepums, -am |
casserole |
milti, -iem |
flour |
sausiņš, -am |
cracker |
pankūka, -ai |
pancake |
stērķele, -ei |
starch |
g. spices
anīse, -ei |
licorice |
kanēlis, -im |
cinnamon |
cepamais pulveris |
baking powder |
ķimene, -ei |
caraway seed |
dille, -ei |
dill |
krustnagliņa, -ai |
glove |
eļļa, -ai |
oil |
lauru lapa, -ai |
bay leaf |
etiķis, -im |
vinegar |
muskatrieksts, -am |
nutmeg |
garšviela, -ai |
spice |
pētersīlis, -im |
parsley |
pipari, -iem |
pepper |
sāls, -ij |
salt |
sinepes, -em |
mustard |
tauki, -iem |
fat, lard |
tomātu biezenis, -im |
ketchup |
vanilla, -ai |
vanilla |
i. actions
(sa)biezē, -ēja, -ēs |
(II-e) thicken |
maisa, -īja, -īs |
(III-i) mix, stir |
(sa)biezina, -āja, -ās |
(III-a) cause to thicken |
mazgā, -āja, -ās |
(II-a) wash |
cep, cepa, ceps |
(I) fry, roast, broil, bake |
mīca, -īja, -īs |
(III-i) knead |
piedej, deja, dejs |
(I) burn (food only) |
mizo, -oja, -os |
(II-o) peel |
dzer, dzēra, dzers |
(I) drink |
raudzē, -ēja, -ēs |
(II-e) cause to leaven |
(at)dzisina, -āja, -ās |
(III-a) cool |
sarecē, -ēja, -ēs |
(II-e) set (as gelatin) |
ēd, ēda, ēdīs |
(I) eat |
rij, rija, ris |
(I) swallow |
garšo, -oja, -os |
(II-o) like the taste of |
rīvē, -ēja, -ēs |
(II-e) grate |
pagaršo, utt. |
(II-o) taste something |
rūgst, rūga, rūgs |
(I) leaven, ferment |
nogaršo, utt. |
(II-o) taste something |
sāla, -īja, -īs |
(III-i) salt |
(pa)gatavo, -oja, -os |
(II-o) prepare |
saldē, -ēja, -ēs |
(II-e) freeze |
(sa)griež, grieza, griezis (I) |
(I) cut up |
atsaldē, -ēja, -ēs |
(II-e) thaw |
(sa)kapā, -āja, -ās |
(II-a) chop up |
samalcina, -āja, -ās |
(III-a) dice |
(no)kāš, kāsa, kāsīs |
(I) drain |
sautē -ēja, -ēs |
(II-e) stew, steam |
kausē, -ēja, -ēs |
(II-e) melt |
sijā, -āja, -ās |
(II-a)sift |
klāj, klāja, klās |
(I) set (table) |
silda, -īja, -īs |
(III-i) warm, heat |
sakrīt, krita, kritīs |
(I) be flat-baked |
skābst, skāba, skābs |
(I) turn sour |
kuļ, kūla, kuls |
(I) whip, beat |
skalo, -oja, -os |
(II-o) rinse |
lej, lēja, lies |
(I) pour |
vāra, -īja, -īs |
(III-i) boil |
loba, -īja, -īs |
(III-i) peel |
žāvē, -ēja, -ēs |
(II-e) dry, smoke |
j. kitchen and tableware
asmens, -nim |
blade, cutting edge |
panna, pannai |
pan |
biķeris, -rim |
goblet |
paplāte, -tei |
tray, salver |
bļoda, -dai |
bowl |
pavārnīca, -cai |
ladle |
burka, -kai |
jar |
plīts, plītij |
stove, range |
bundža, -džai |
collq. for tin can |
pods, podam |
pot |
cepeškrāsns |
baking oven |
rīve, rīvei |
grater |
cepespanna |
broiling/roasting pan |
salvete, -tei |
napkin |
dakšiņa, -ņai |
table fork |
sarvjete, -tei |
napkin |
galdauts, -tam |
tablecloth |
servīze, -zei |
service set |
gaļas mašīna |
meat grinder |
šķīvis, -vim |
dish, plate |
glāze, glāzei |
glass |
tase, tasei |
cup |
kanna, kannai |
can, jug, urn |
apakštase |
saucer |
karote, -tei |
spoon |
trauks, traukam |
vessel, container |
ēdamkarote |
tablespoon |
pelnu trauks |
ash tray |
tējkarote |
teaspoon |
sālstrauks |
salt cellar |
krūze, krūzei |
mug, jar |
sinepju trauks |
mustard pot |
kastrolis, -im |
sauce pan |
koka trauki |
wooden vessels |
katls, katlam |
kettle, pot |
māla trauki |
earthenware |
kafijas dzirnaviņas |
coffee grinder |
porcelāna trauki |
chinaware |
karafe |
decanter |
stikla trauki |
glassware |
kārba, kārbai |
can, box |
sudraba trauiki |
silverware |
konservu kārba |
can of preserved food |
trauku dvielis |
dish towel |
maisāmā mašīna |
mixer, beater |
trauku skapis |
cupboard |
mērces trauks |
gravy boat |
vāze, vāzei |
vase |
cepeša nazis |
carving knife |
zupas bļoda |
soup tureen |
maize nazis |
(bread) slicing knife |
|
|
|