Vocabulary 5.2:
| MASCULINE NOUNS: |
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| akmens, akmenim |
stone, rock |
okeāns, -nam |
ocean |
| automobils, -im |
automobile |
Atlantijas okeāns |
Atlantic Ocean |
| brīvlaiks, -kam |
vacation |
priekšmets, -am |
object, thing, article |
| ceļš, ceļam |
road, way |
mācību priekšmets |
study subject |
| krasts, krastam |
shore, coast, bank |
semestris, -im |
semester |
| kuğis, kuğim |
ship |
štats, štatam |
federated state (as in USA) |
| pavasaris, -rim |
spring (season) |
tūrists, -tam |
tourist |
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| FEMININE NOUNS: |
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| apkārtne, -nei |
surroundings, vicinity |
sala |
island |
| jūra, jūrai |
sea |
vieta, veitai |
place, spot |
| jūrmala, -malai |
seaside, beach |
zivs, zivij |
fish |
| laiva, laivai |
boat |
pilsēta, -sētai |
city, town |
| Jaunanglija, -ai |
New England |
smilts, smiltij |
sand (seldom used) |
| Mena, Menai |
Maine |
smilitis (plural) |
sand, sands |
| Bangora, -rai |
Bangor |
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| ADJECTIVES: |
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| tuvs, tuva |
near |
derived adverb: tuvu |
near by |
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| ADVERBS: |
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| tišām |
on purpose, intentionally |
citur |
elsewhere |
| netīšām |
accidentally, unintentionally |
kaut kur |
somewhere |
| šovasar |
this summer |
visur |
everywhere |
| visur kur |
anywhere at all |
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| VERBS: |
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| just: jūt, juta, jutīs |
I-i tr: |
feel, sense |
| justies: jūtas, jutās, jutīsies |
I-i itr: |
feel |
| ķert: ķer, ķēra, ķers |
I-reg. tr: |
catch |
| nokert |
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catch, seize |
| lēkt: lec, lēca, lēks |
I-reg: itr: |
leap, jump |
| braukāt: braukā, braukāja, braukās |
II-a itr: |
drive/ride about (around) |
| iedomāties: iedomājas, iedomājās, -māsies |
II-a tr: |
imagine |
| pastaigāties: pastaigājas, -gaājās, -gāsies |
II-a itr: |
take a walk/stroll |
| vadāt: vadā, vadāja, vadās |
II-a tr: |
lead/drive about |
| pavadat |
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take here and there |
| ceļot: ceļo, ceļoja, ceļos |
II-o itr: |
travel |
| gatavoties: gatavojas, -vojās, -vosies |
II-o itr: |
get ready, prepare oneself |
| sauļoties: sauļojas, -ļojās, -ļosies |
II-o itr: |
sun (oneself), bask in the sun |
| zvejot: zvejo, zvejoja, zvejos |
II-o tr/itr: |
fish |
| mācēt: māk, mācēja, mācēs |
III-e tr: |
know how, can |
| peldēt: peld, peldēja, peldēs |
III-e itr: |
swim, be afloat |
| peldēties: peldas, peldējās, peldēsies |
III-e itr: |
swim, bathe |
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| Earlier Verbs with NEW PREFIXES: |
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| iesākt |
begin (suddenly) |
nosēdēt |
sit a while; be able to sit |
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| MASCULINE NOUNS: |
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| auglis, auglim |
fruit |
lauks, laukam |
field |
| autobuss, -sam |
bus |
lauki (plural) |
fields; country (side) |
| dzīvnieks, -kam |
animal |
putns, putnam |
bird, fowl |
| mājas dzīvnieks |
domestic animal |
rudens, -enim |
autumn, fall |
| gaiss, gaisam |
air |
simts, simtam |
hundred |
| krusttēvs, -vam |
godfather, uncle |
simt (indeclination) |
hundred |
| krūms, krūmam |
bush, shrub |
tītars, -ram |
turkey |
| zirgs, zirgam |
horse |
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| FEMININE NOUNS: |
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| cūka, cūkai |
pig |
jūdze, jūdzei |
mile |
| daba, dabai |
nature |
krustmāte, -tei |
godmother, aunt |
| ferma, -mai |
farm |
oga, ogai |
berry |
| govs, govij |
cow |
taka, takai |
path |
| piena govs |
milk cow |
vista, vistai |
hen, chicken |
| ziema, ziemai |
winter |
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| ADJECTIVES: |
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| svaigs, svaiga |
fresh |
brīvs, brīva |
free |
| grūts, grūta |
difficult, hard |
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| ADVERB: |
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| grūti |
hard, painfully |
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| apmēram |
about, approximately |
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| VERBS: |
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| jāt: jāj, jāja, jās |
I-reg itr: |
ride on (horse) back |
| skatīt: skaita, skatīja, skaitīs |
III-i tr: |
count |
| saskaitīt |
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count/add up |
| skraidīt: skraida, skraidīja, skraidīs |
III-i itr: |
run about |
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| Earlier VERB with a NEW PREFIX: |
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| sagaidīt |
await, meet, expect |
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| MASCULINE NOUNS: |
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| ezers, -ram |
lake |
meža dzīvnieks |
wild animal |
| kalns, -nam |
mountain, hill |
plāns, plānam |
plan |
| vilciens, -nam |
train |
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| FEMININE NOUNS: |
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| debess, debess |
sky, cloud |
upe, upei |
river |
| debesis (plural) |
sky, heaven |
telts, -tij |
tent |
| lidmašīna, -nai |
airplane |
valsts, -tij |
independent state/country |
| minūte, minūtei |
minute |
zeme, zemei |
land, country, soil |
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| PLACE NAMES: |
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| Amerika, -kai |
America |
Anglija, -jai |
England |
| Eiropa, -pai |
Europe |
Londona, -nai |
London |
| Latvija, -jai |
Latvia |
Ņujorka, -kai |
New York |
| Rīga, Rīgai |
Rīga (Latvian Capital) |
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| ADJECTIVES: |
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| klajš, klaja |
open, not covered up |
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| tāls, tāla |
far, remote |
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| (adverb) tāl u |
far away |
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| PREPOSITIONAL ADVERB: (with dative): |
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| pāri |
over, across; past (the hour) |
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| VERBS: |
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| satikt: satiek, satika, satiks |
I-k/c tr: |
meet, encounter, get along with |
| klāties: klājas, klājās, klāsies |
I-reg lk: |
be doing/feeling, fare (5.2. 51) |
| staigāt: staigā, staigāja, staigās |
II-a itr: |
walk, stroll |
| gatavot: gatavo, gatavoja, gatavos |
II-o tr: |
prepare |
| lidot: lido, lidoja, lidos |
II-o itr: |
fly |
| plānot: plāno, plānoja, plānos |
II-o tr: |
plan |
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| Earlier Verbs with NEW PREFIXES: |
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| nobeigt |
finish, complete |
uzzināt |
find out |
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| FEMININE i-stem nouns in R-5.2 (addition to the list on p. 130) |
Nominative |
Genitive |
Dative |
Nominative |
Diminutive |
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Singular |
Singular |
Singular |
Plural |
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| debess |
debess |
debesij |
debešu* |
debestiņa |
sky (see 5.1. 14b) |
| valsts |
valsts |
valstij |
valstu |
valstiņa |
state (see 5.1. 14b) |
| telts |
telts |
teltij |
telšu |
teltiņa |
tent |
| govs |
govs |
govij |
govju |
gotiņa |
cow |
| zivs |
zivs |
zivij |
zivju |
zivtiņa |
fish |
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| MASCULINE i-stem nouns in R-5.2 (addition to the list on p.131) |
Nominative |
Genitive |
Dative |
Nominative |
Diminutive |
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Singular |
Singular |
Singular |
Plural |
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| akmens |
akmens |
akmenim |
akmeņi |
akmentiņš |
stone |
| rudens |
rudens |
rudenim |
rudeņi |
rudentiņš |
autumn |
| (These two nouns belong to a subgroup; see Note c. on p. 131). |
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| MASCULINE NOUNS: |
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| galons, -nam |
gallon |
kukulis, -lim |
loaf (bread) |
| grāds, grādam |
degree |
tūkstotis, -tim |
thousand |
| (indeclination) tūkstosš |
thousand |
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| FEMININE NOUNS: |
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| burka, burkai |
jar |
darīšana, -šanai |
business, concern |
| kārba, kārbai |
tin can |
temperātūra, -rai |
temperature |
| paka, pakai |
package, bundle |
kvadrātjudze, -ei |
square mile |
| paciņa, -iņai |
parcel, packet, pack |
mārciņa, -iņai |
pound |
| nulle, nullei |
zero |
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| PROPER NAMES: |
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| Mičigans, -nam |
Lake Michigan |
(indeclination) Ohaio |
Ohio |
| Mičigana, -ani |
State of Michigan |
Celsijs, -am |
Celsius |
| Oregona, -nai |
Oregon |
Fārenahits, -am |
Fahrenheit |
| Portlenda, -ai |
Portland |
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| INDECLINABLE NUMERALS: |
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| pus otra |
one and a half |
-ar pus |
and a half |
| div ar pus |
two and a half |
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| VERBS: |
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| pietikt: pietiek, pietika, pietiks |
I-k/c tr/itr: |
have enough, suffice |
| plesties: plešas, pletās, pletīsies |
I-s/t itr: |
spread, extend |
| izplesties |
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widen, expand |
| svērt: sver, svēra, svērs |
I-reg tr: |
weigh |
| svērties: sveras, sveērās, svērsies |
I-reg itr: |
weigh oneself, incline toward |
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| Earlier Verb with NEW PREFIX: |
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| izdot |
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give out; spend (money) |
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| PREPOSITIONS with Genitive Singular (and Dative Plural) |
| aiz |
behind, beyond |
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| bez |
without, -less; |
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| dēļ |
for (the sake of), because of |
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| kopš |
since |
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| no |
from, away from, down from, off, out of |
| pirms |
before |
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| besides |
uz on, upon |
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| virs |
over, above; on (top of) |
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| zem |
under, below |
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| abpus |
on both sides of |
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| otrpus |
on the other side of |
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| šaipus |
on this side of |
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| pie |
near, at, beside, by |
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| pēc |
after |
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IN A JINGLE:
zem, aiz, bez, uz;
pie, pēc, pirms, -pus;
no, dēļ, kopš, virs. |
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