Study Guide: Concepts to know well for Exam 1 Psychology 101B

You are responsible for all lectures, as well as the book’s Chapters, 1, 2, 3 & 4.

Psychology's perspectives (behavioral, biological, cognitive, sociocultural, humanistic, and psychodynamic)

History: (Wilhelm Wundt, William James, Mary Calkins - discussed in lecture, John Watson)

Epistemology (authority, tenacity, intuition, reason, empiricism

Case study

Operational definition

Correlational method

Experimental method

Experimental group

Statistically significant difference

Independent variable

Manipulation of independent variable

Dependent variable

Control group (Definition: group that does not receive an experimental treatment)

Mean (average)

Measurement of a variable (operational definition)

Random sampling from a larger population

Random assignment to groups

Correlation coefficient (sign and value)

Neurotransmission and the action potential (ion flow, Na+, K+, direction of flow in relation to the voltage of the inside of

the nerve cell)

Myelin sheath and nodes of Ranvier

Major neurotransmitters and their behavioral effects (endorphins, acetylcholine, serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine,

GABA)

Central nervous system and the branches of the autonomic nervous system

Imaging: CT, PET, MRI, functional MRI, EEG, MEG (MEG is not discussed in the book)

Parts of the brain (medulla, reticular formation, corpus callosum, hippocampus, amygdala, cerebellum, pituitary,

hypothalamus, sensory and motor cortex, thalamus, basic subdivisions of the cortex (lobes of the brain and

functions), the homunculus, Broca's area, Wernicke's area)

Neuroplasticity, examples of neuroplasticity

Split brain testing (know in detail)

Be able to locate brain damage (Using the homunculus, be able to say which part of the brain is likely to be damaged

based on knowledge of some impairment or handicap)

Weber’s law

Anatomy of the eye (the cell layers in the retina in relation to the path of light)

Feature detectors

Subliminal stimuli (research on self-improvement tapes)

Noise and hearing loss

Coclea (pitch coding)

Sound location

Vestibular organs (vestibular sacs and semicircular canals; Note: the semicircular canals are labeled in your book's

diagram of the ear)

Perceptual constancies (lightness, color, shape, location, and size)

The 4 Gestalt laws of perceptual grouping (proximity, similarity, good continuation, closure)

Binocular depth perception (binocular disparity, convergence)

Monocular depth perception (relative size, interposition, light and shadows, texture, clarity,

relative height, motion parallax, linear perspective)

Muller-Lyer illusion and experience

Critical periods (early experience)