Note:

bbo = billion barrels of oil (given in Bodansky and in Hinrichs & Kleinbach).

GteC = giga tonnes of carbon, where giga = 10⁹, tonne = metric ton = 1000 kg. In Section 3.3.4, p. 3:5, Bodansky tells us how many barrels of oil it takes to make 1 tonne of oil. Hinrichs & Kleinbach tell us on p. 208 that oil contains 7 parts of carbon to 1 part of hydrogen by mass.

CO₂ (ppmv) = the increase in the atmospheric concentration of CO₂ from the burning of the fuel. In Table 13.1, p. 13:2, Bodansky tells us the burning of 2.13 GteC increases the atmospheric concentration of CO₂ by 1 ppm (part per million). This assumes all of CO₂ emitted into the atmosphere stays there. Currently, the concentration of CO₂ in the atmosphere is about 370 ppm. At the start of the industrial revolution in the late 1700’s, the CO₂ concentration was 280 ppm.

Show your sources of data and your calculations in the space below:

Note:

bbo equiv = billion barrels of oil equivalent based on the energy of natural gas and oil. In Chapter 3, Bodansky gives the energy contents of 1 barrel of oil and 1 cubic foot (cu ft) of natural gas. These are the heating values. The mass of 1 cu ft of natural gas is 0.02 kg. By mass, natural gas is 75% carbon.

GteC and CO₂ (ppm) remain as defined above.

Show your sources of data and your calculations in the space below:

Note:

There are 0.909 tonnes in one short ton.

By mass, on average coal is about 65% carbon. [The balance is hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, rock (mineral matter), and moisture.]

bbo equiv, GteC, and CO₂ (ppm) remained as defined above.

Show your sources of data and your calculations in the space below: