Assignment 6 Section B (15 points) updated 5 PM 12/3/06

Instructions: Study this page before logging into WebQ to submit your assignment. You will need to log in with your UW NetID. Please also be ready to enter your last name and the section in which you are registered (BA, BB, BC, BD) to help the TA's sort the results.

If necessary, you will need to keep this page open in your browser as you work on WebQ in order to refer to the graphics in certain questions. There is no time limit on working online for this assignment, other than the deadline for submitting your finished work. You will be able to save draft work and return to it later, or return to a submitted assignment and revise it, as long as you do so by the deadline.

We strongly recommend that you compose your answers to this assignment on a word processor and save your document, then copy & paste the answers into the online WebQ page. That way you will have more time to consider your answers, you can compose mathmatical expressions more easily, and you will have a backup in case there are any problems with electronic submission. We also urge to to start working well before the deadline so that you have time to find solutions to any problems that may arise.

Troubleshooting:

• If WebQ will not allow you to submit your work (WebQ highlights problem questions in yellow), check the following:
• If WebQ will not allow you to submit your work (WebQ highlights problem questions in yellow), check the following:
• Have you filled all the boxes that are required?
• Have you exceeded the length limit (number of CHARACTERS, not words) for any questions? 
• Please save the confirmation code WebQ gives you when you submit your answers. This will help us to track your submission in case we have difficulty finding it.
• If you have questions about the content of the questions, please use Epost or contact your Section B TA.
• If you have problems operating WebQ, please contact TA Deni Malouf at ocn101ay@u.washington.edu.

Academic Honesty Statement: We encourage students to work together. However, please submit short-answer questions in your own words so that we have some indication that you did not just copy another student's work. We will deny credit to all students whose descriptive answers appear to be substantially similar or identical.

Deadline: Tuesday, December 5, 2006 11 PM

Additional Instruction: Please be sure to quit & restart your browser before logging in to WebQ if you share a computer. Another user may be still be logged in. If so, the assignment will be submitted in that person's name instead of yours. 

---

Section I. #3-41. (10 pts., 0.75 pts. for each organism) Refer to the lecture notes and your textbook. For the organisms listed in Column 1 of the table below, use the illustrations on the designated pages of Garrison or provided in the table to identify:

Column 2: the type of organism (Phytoplankton [P], Zooplankton [Z], Nekton [N])

Column 3: the taxonomic classification from the following list:

diatom, dinoflagellate, microflagellate; protozoan, crustacean (copepod, krill), gelatinous (cnidarian, ctenophore, chaetognath, pteropod, salp), planktonic larvae; fish, mammal, bird

Column 4: the trophic level (Primary Producer [PP], Herbivore [H], Carnivore [C])

Be sure to note the question numbers in each cell of the table and match them to the question numbers in the online assignment.

Organism	Type	Classification	Level
Coscinodiscus, Figure 13.3b, p. 307	__	__	__
Ceratium, Figure 14.5a, p.338	__	__	__
Coccolithophore, Figure 5.13c, p. 125	__	__	__
Foraminiferan, Figure 5.13b, p. 125	__	__	__
Copepod, Figure 14.11, p. 345	__	__	__
Euphausia, Figure 14.12 p. 345	__	__	__
Flying fish, Figure 15.35, p. 377	__	__	__
Yellowfin tuna, Figure 15.30, p. 374	__		__
Pacific mackerel	__	__	__
Chaetognath (arrow worm)	__	__	__
Amphipod crustacean	__	__	__
Pacific herring	__	__	__
Chinook salmon	__	__	__

Section II. #42 – 53. (3 pts.) Consider the organisms in #1 as representatives of various trophic levels in the three categories of ocean environments discussed in class:

• Upwelling environments
• "Coastal" environments (neritic, plus temperate and subpolar latitude open ocean environments also included in this category)
• "Open ocean" environments (limited to low-latitude open ocean)

(0.25 pts. each) Fill in the blanks at each level of the trophic pyramids below to construct simple models of the pelagic food chains leading to commercial fish harvest in these environments. Fill in the name of one organism from #1 in each box. Any organism may be used more than once or not at all. Please note:

• Carefully match the question numbers in the diagrams to the question numbers in the online assignment.
• The organisms in Question 1 are meant to be representative members of certain trophic levels and feeding types. The exact species pictured is not necessarily essential to know or to use to represent a component of the food chain.
• There is not always a logical explanation for why a certain organism lives in a particular environment, that is just what natural history has produced. By analogy, why are giraffes found in Africa?
• Each food chain depicted is a version of a very complex food web, but greatly simplified to illustrate some simple principles. Forms of many of the organisms in Question 1 are present in all the systems, and so are many other organisms not depicted. The diagrams are meant to depict the dominant types of organisms that lead to harvestable commercial fish species. They do not include animals at higher trophic levels that may feed on the harvestable fish.

Section III. #54 – 61. (2 pts, 0.25 pts. each) As above, consider the organisms in #1 as representatives of various trophic levels in the three categories of ocean environments discussed in class. For this question just consider the two most different environments: upwelling zones and (low-latitude) open ocean zones.

Fill in the trophic pyramids below with 1) average primary productivity in that type of environment, according to the lecture notes; 2) average trophic level efficiency in that type of environment, according to the lecture notes; 3) estimated production at each trophic level of animals, calculated from primary productivity and efficiency. See the neritic pyramid as an example.