Core Concepts in Animal Behavior – Winter 2011                                                                                            03/08/2011

 

Michael Beecher

Professor of Psychology & Biology

Guthrie 327, 543-6545

beecher@uw.edu

http://faculty.washington.edu/beecher/

 

PSYCH 502, 3 credits (graded)             Tues Thurs 11:00-12:20 – Guthrie 315             http://courses.washington.edu/ccab/

 

 

We will discuss the major concepts and research approaches in the contemporary study of animal behavior. We will focus on topics that lie at the interface of animal behavior, evolutionary biology, neurobiology and psychology. The course will be taught at two levels: first an introduction to each topic, followed by in-depth discussion and analysis centering on primary-source readings.

 

Course requirements and student responsibilities: The focus of the course is on problem areas that are central to the study of animal behavior. There are more core concepts than there are days in this course, however, and so once we are past the truly core areas at the beginning of the course, we will slant the rest of the course towards topics that are of particular interest to the participants. Generally Tuesdays will be ‘lecture’ days (peppered with discussion) in which MB (or a guest faculty speaker or occasionally a senior graduate student) gives his take on the historical and theoretical basis for the question; we will read one or two seminal papers on the topic (sometimes golden oldies, sometimes hot new papers). Generally Thursdays will stick with the problem area but focus more narrowly on a particular research and/or theoretical approach, again with a particular one or two papers we'll read; Thursdays will be led by one or two students in the class. Each paper will be discussed in seminar format, with the discussion leader/s responsible for (1) summarizing and (2) preparing questions for each original paper. Because this is a graduate course, there will be no exams, but the other side of the coin is that the student’s presence and active participation are de rigueur. The major end requirement of the course will be an optional paper or grant proposal centering on one of the research areas discussed during the course. Because its difficult to write and complete such a paper or proposal within the 11-week quarter, I will give the student to the end of spring quarter if s/he chooses. Alternatively, the student can fulfill the grade requirement by taking charge of two seminar presentations and extra-diligent participation in the other sessions. We solicit additional topic suggestions from the participants, the only requirement being that the topic can be reasonably viewed as a "core concept" in this very broad field. We'll winnow the list down to our top 10 or so (roughly one for each week of the quarter). Thus the final selection of topics will take on the flavor of the particular interests of the folks who enroll in the class.

________________________________________

 

Schedule

 

 

Date

Topic

Readings

Point person

1

Jan 04

Prehistory (to ~1960)

 

 

Mike

 

Jan 06

History (since ~1960)

Williams 1966;

Krebs & Davies extract

Mike

2

Jan 11

Altruism & Kin Selection 1

Sherman 1977;

Emlen et al 1995

Mike

 

Jan 13

Altruism & Kin Selection 2

Shier 2006;

Manning et al 1992

Tom

Mike

3

Jan 18

Altruism & Reciprocity 1

Wilkinson 1992

Mike

 

Jan 20

Altruism & Reciprocity 2

Bshary 2002

Henzi & Barrett 2002

Çaglar & Adrienne

4

Jan 25

Sexual Selection 1

Andersson 1982

Mike

 

Jan 27

Sexual Selection 2

Murphy 2010

Wilkinson & Reillo

Jessica

& Jay

5

Feb 01

Eusociality 1

Alexander 1974

Sean

 

 

Feb 03

Eusociality 2

West Eberhard 1987

Tom

6

Feb 08

Communication 1 

Searcy & Nowicki 2005 chapt 1

Ryan 1991

Mike

 

 

Feb 10

Communication 2

Maestripieri & Roney 2005

Pradhan et al 2006

Anton

7

Feb 15

Genes & Behavior 1

Cobb 2007 on Bastock 1956

Mike

 

Feb 17

Genes & Behavior 2

Goodson et al 2009

Ashwin

8

Feb 22

Animal Mind 1

Gould 2004a, 2004b

Prior et al 2009

Mike &

Robyn

 

Feb 24

Animal Mind 2

Kaminski et al 2008

Bugynar 2011

Anton

9

Mar 01

Evolutionary Psychology 1

Tooby & Cosmides primer

Mike

 

Mar 03

Evolutionary Psychology 2

Norenzayan & Shariff 2008

Hill & Dunbar 2003

Adrienne & Ashwin

10

Mar 08

Evol Psych – Neuro segue

Musso et al 2003

Robyn

 

 

Mar 10

Neuroethology

Anstey et al 2009

Anton et al 2011

Jay &

Jess

 

 

A Reading List (its incomplete, and only goes to ~ 2007)

 

Readings for Winter 2011               *optional reading           **really optional, usually added after class

Altruism & Kin Selection

Williams, G. C. (1966).  Adaptation and Natural Selection, Princeton University Press (chapt 1)

Wynne-Edwards, V., Maynard Smith, J., & Perrins, C. (1964).  Group selection and kin selection; Survival of young swifts in relation to brood-size. Nature  201: 1145-1149.

Krebs, J. R. & Davies, N. B. (1981). pp 14-18 in An Introduction to Behavioural Ecology, Blackwell (3rd edition 1993).

Sherman, P.W. (1977). Nepotism and the evolution of alarm calls. Science 197: 1246-1253.

Emlen, S.T., Wrege, P.W., and Demong, N.J. (1995). Making decisions in the family: an evolutionary perspective. American Scientist 83: 148-157.   bigger better pdf

Shier, D. M. (2006). Effect of family support on the success of translocated black-tailed prairie dogs. Conservation Biology 20: 1780-1790.

Manning, C. J., Wakeland, E. K. & Potts, W. K. (1992). Communal nesting patterns in mice implicate MHC genes in kin recognition. Nature 360: 581-583.

 

Altruism & Reciprocity

Wilkinson, G. S. (1984). Reciprocal food sharing in the vampire bat. Nature 308: 181-184.

* Wilkinson, G. S. (1990). Food sharing in vampire bats. Scientific American.

Bshary, R. (2002). Biting cleaner fish use altruism to deceive image-scoring client reef fish. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 269: 2087-2093.

*Bshary, R. & D'Souza, A. (2005). Cooperation in communication networks: indirect reciprocity in interactions between clearner fish and client reef fish. In McGregor, P. K., Animal Communication Networks. Cambridge.

*Rutte, C. & Taborsky, M. (2007). Generalized reciprocity in rats. PLoS Biology 5: 1421-1425.

 Henzi, S. P. & Barrett, L. (2002). Infants as a commodity in a baboon market. Animal Behaviour 63: 915-921.

*Gumert, M. D. (2007). Payment for sex in a macaque mating market. Animal Behaviour 74: 1655-1667.

 

Sexual Selection

Andersson, M. (1982). Female choice selects for extreme tail length in a widowbird. Nature 299: 818-820.

Wilkinson & Reillo (1994). Female choice response to artificial selection on an exaggerated male trait in a stalk-eye fly. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 255: 1-6.

Murphy (2010). Tail-racket removal increases hematocrit in male turquoise-browed motmots. Journal of Ornithology 151: 241-245

[see also Communication below]

 

Eusociality

Alexander, R. D. (1974).  The evolution of social behavior. Annual Review of Ecology & Systematics 5: 325-383.

West Eberhard, M. J. (1987). Flexible strategy and social evolution. pp 35-51 in Ito, Y., Brown, J. L. & Kikkawa, J. (eds.) Animal Societies: Theories and Facts.

*Suryanarayanan, S., Hermanson, J. C. & Jeanne, R. L. (2011). A mechanical signal biases caste development in a social wasp. Current Biology 21: 1-5.

 

Communication

Searcy, W. A. & Nowick, S. (2005). “Introduction” from The Evolution of Animal Communication: Reliability and Deception in Signaling Systems.  Princeton.

Ryan, M. J. (1991). Sexual selection and communication in frogs. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 6: 351-356.

*Dawkins, R. & Krebs, J. R. (1978). Animal signals: Information or manipulation. In J. R. Krebs & N. B. Davies (eds.), Behavioural Ecology : An Evolutionary Approach.  Sinauer.

**Kimball, R. T., Braun, E. L., Ligon, J. D., Lucchini, V. & Randi, E. (2001). A molecular phylogeny of the peacock-pheasants (Galliformes: Polyplectron spp.) indicates loss and reduction of ornamental traits and display behaviours. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 73: 187-198.

**Ron, S. R. (2008). The evolution of female mate choice for complex calls in tungara frogs. Animal Behaviour 76: 1783-1794.

**Meyer, A., Morrissey, J. M. & Schartl, M. (1994). Recurrent origin of a sexual selected trait in Xiphophorus fishes inferred from a molecular phylogeny. Nature 368: 539-542.

Maestripieri, D. & Roney, J. R. (2005). Primate copulation calls and postcopulatory female choice. Behavioral Ecology 16: 106-113.

*Pradhan, G. R., Engelhardt, A., van Schaik, C. P. & Maestripieri, D. (2006). The evolution of female copulation calls in primates: a review and a new model. Behavioral Ecology & Sociobiology 59: 333-343.

**Alan Grafen’s ppt on the handicap model:

http://users.ox.ac.uk/~grafen/LectPres/handicaps.ppt

**See also Carl Bergstrom’s web module on honest signalling:

http://octavia.zoology.washington.edu/handicap/honest_biology_1a.html

 

Genes and Behavior