Autumn 2001
SIS 200 States and Capitalism:
The Origins of the Modern Global System

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FINAL EXAM STUDY INFORMATION

You will find an expanded timeline, a list of terms to define below, and a link to information on Marx, Smith and Weber.

Expanded Timeline Information
This is information from Professor Kasaba's timeline and with input from students in two sections. It is by no means an exhaustive list, which means that you may use it to refer to as you add your own material from your notes and readings.

1250-1350
Trade areas
Europe: Flanders, Champaigne Fairs, Italian Cities
Middle East: Northern route, Middle, Southern
Asia: China, South East Asia, India
Traders and cultural exchange between. . .
Europe and Middle East: Italian merchants, Crusaders
Middle East and Asia: Arab merchants, Italian merchants
Asia and Middle East: Indian merchants, Turks
Asia and Europe: Mongols, Italian merchants

There was no hegemonic power; no one spirit of capitalism that explains all the connections between regions and nations in this period; China was on the verge of becoming a hegemon but withdrew.

1350-1450
Transitional period
Europe
Feudal arrangement in Europe disintegrated, fragmentation of old order, political fighting between kings and feudal lords, decentralized power arrangements, cities grow; demographics changed with plague;crisis in Europe;
Middle East
flexibility of trade lost with rise of Ottoman Empire; unified by Islam, Muslim, Sultan; central empires not lords;Islamic laws; Dynasties: Umayayads, Abbasids, Fatimads, Ayyudids; Constantinople;
Asia
China source of technological advance, fragmentation of SE Asia into feudal sects, India and China potential powers, Ming Dynasty withdraws because of Confucianism; China advanced and prosperous.

1450-1650
Watershed time period; after it we see a gradual building of the system.
Europe
Transformation economic and political; division of labor and expansion; modern state, absolutist regimes, mercantilism;British textiles expand due to division of labor; growing demand for luxury items; tulip mania; Dutch power; depopulation of south and central america- economienda system; treaty of Westphalia; collective security; poor laws; 30 years war; power of guilds; British protectionist policies, high tarrifs on imports
Middle East
1453 Ottoman Empire, peak of power in the 16th century, Constantine, slave army made the Ottoman Empire stronger;fighting force made up of Christian slaves converted to Islam, strong army
Asia
Hierarchy in China, education exams for bureaucratic government jobs; Qing Dynasty. Portugese and Dutch go to Southeast Asia and fill vacuum left by withdrawal of Chinese influence in region. 1601 British establish port in Hong Kong.

1650-1750
Europe/North America
Sugar economy in the New World with rise of plantation complex in Brazil, Caribbean, North America; growing popularity of slave trade, triangular trade changed African demographics and that of New World; British, French, Dutch in North America and Caribbean, Iberians in Central, South America and Caribbean; Holland 70% of world trade, midcentury resistance, war and break off from Spanish Hapsburg Monarchy.
Middle East
Reasons for collapse of Ottoman Empire grow, fragmentation and loss of central power, building of railroads, reform of taxation, education and military; Persian Empire.
Asia
British observe politics in India to set stage for mid 18th century establishment of power with East India Company.

1750-1850
Transformation of some economies with Industrial Revolution.
Europe/North America
Population jump; Age of Enlightenment;Britain becomes hegemonic; international migration; many factories established in Industrial Revolution, innovations with cotton and iron in 1830s lead to rise of output. war of 1812 first transatlantic conflict, 1807 Atlantic slave trade abolished by Britain. Wealth of Nations published 1776. French revolution 1798; Napoleonic Wars until 1815; 1848 revolutions sweep many countries in urban areas; Communist Manifesto published, urban intellectuals inspired by Marxism to think of end of capitalist system.
Middle East
Period where Ottomans linked to economic networks in Europe, political weakening found in Serbia, Greece, Egypt (reforms); rise of modern nationalism; Napoleon to Egypt; beginning of marxism; ideas of communism; Egyptian revolt 1831 with Muhammed Ali and sons, incredible debt, weakening government.
Asia
European diplomats try to make China open up its borders and trade. British used India to get to China; consequence of Opium wars - Hong Kong becomes British.

1850-1875
Europe/North America
Mid-Victorian boom with unification of world market. Italian unification; German unification; French - German war; U.S.A. civil war; dropping of protective tarrifs/ end of mercantilism; Russian nationalism, pan-slavic policies. U.S.A. abolition of slavery; railroads and steam ships facilitate movement of goods. Gold discoveries and railroads magnets for immigration and investment to Australia and West Coast of USA.
Middle East
OE loses North Africa; OE bankruptcy (also Egypt, Greece, and Mexico bankrupt); Britain and France take over Iran when it is in their interest; Independence of N. Bulgaria.; Crimean War - all ME powers fight Russia to keep it away from Mediterranean Sea; indebtedness.
Asia
Sepoy Rebellion (Indian mutiny) led to British rule by proxy, now formally part of the empire; Taiping Rebellion in China; Meiji Restoration in Japan-western ideas contribute to Japan's modernization;

1875-1896
Depression
Europe/North America
The way the European and American powers came out of the depression was through state focused policies. Great Depression; state-centered development (top-bottom), protectionism;growing size; rivalry/colonialism; tensions growing as gap between rich and poor widens. Slave trade abolished in Brazil.
Middle East
Loss of territory; colonization of Egypt by British; foreign control of Suez Canal;
Asia
Japanese growth; opening of China due to foreign interests/imperialist tensions rise to a head in the Boxer rebellion; Indian nationalism rises.

1896-1914
Europe/North America
Panama Canal built. Belle Epoque;growth, domestic tensions; international tensions; nationalist treaties; revolutions as mass movements that succeeded: Mexico & Russia, young turks did not succeed.
Middle East
Constitutional monarchy in Ottoman Empire and Persian Empire.
Asia
Nationalism; Japan beats Russia in war 1904.

DEFINE TERMS AND EXPLAIN THEIR SIGNIFICANCE

Laissez-Faire
Mercantilism
The Invisible Hand
Productive Capital/Unproductive Capital
Manifesto
Protestant Work Ethic
Spirit of Capitalism
Reformation
Proletariat
Bourgeoisie
Class struggle
The Eastern Question
Crimean War
The Monroe Doctrine
Nationalism
Imperialism
Colonialism
Meiji Restoration
Taiping Rebellion
Opium Wars
Belle Epoque
The Great Depression
Suez Canal
Sepoy Rebellion
Boxer Rebellion
Russian Revolution
Declaration of the Rights of Man
Reign of Terror
Capture of the Bastille
Waterloo
Constitutional Monarchy
Absolute Monarchy
Napoleonic Wars
The Haitian Revolution
Middle Passage
Cash Crops
Haciendas
Encomiendas
The Plantation Complex
Commodification of Labor
Abolition of Slave Trade
Emancipation of Slaves
Democratic Revolution
The Enlightenment
The Corn Laws
The Poor Laws
Putting Out System
Tulip Mania
Professional Armies
Triangle Trade
Multilateral Trade
Industrial Revolution
Division of Labor
Mid-Victorian Expansion
German Unification
Bismarck
Gazi (Gaza) Ideology
Mongols
Free Trade Treaty (1838)
Trade system/subsystem
Comparative Advantage
Crusades
Guilds
Hegemony
Feudalism
Champaigne Fairs
Role of Italian Merchants in banking
The Plague/Black Death


Link to Karl Marx, Adam Smith, Max Weber comparison.
To download this word document click here.