UW
U N I V E R S I T Y O F W A S H I N G T O N
______________________________________________________________________
Department of Urban Design and Planning
Title: Introduction to Land Use, Growth Management and Environmental Planning (UrbDP 450, 3 credits*)
Class: Tuesdays and Thursdays, 10:30-11:50 am
Gould 100
Quarter: Autumn, 2008
Instructor: Chang-Hee Christine Bae, Ph. D., Associate Professor
Hours: Tuesday noon-1:00 pm, or by appointment
Office: Gould Hall Faculty Suite 448C
Phone: 206-616-9034
Fax: 206-685-9597
e-mail: Christine Bae cbae@u.washington.edu,
CLASS WEBSITE
gmforum: http://courses.washington.edu/gmforum
This course deals with the linkages among land use, growth management and environmental impacts. Many cities and only a few states in the United States have adopted a variety of growth management measures and land use controls to attempt to maximize the social welfare benefits, including environmental benefits, from slower growth. In the field of urban growth management, there are many controversial views, e.g. urban economists vs. environmentalists and urban planners, centrists vs. decentrists, the urban-rural dichotomy, etc.
The focus of this course will be given to contemporary land use issues, especially sprawl, smart growth, the Washington Growth Management Act, New Urbanism, Transit-Oriented Development, etc. The prime purpose of the course is to understand and to evaluate this experience, and to offer guidance on best-practice techniques of growth management. Because this course is an introductory course, we will focus more on the issues than the details. Students are encouraged (although it is not obligatory) to use Washington’s Growth Management Act as a case study for the term paper.
1. To understand the implications of “sprawl.”
2. To develop a typology of growth management techniques.
3. To conceptualize the links between land use regulations and environmental, transportation and other social benefits.
4. To evaluate some of the controversies in the field relating to New Urbanism, Smart Growth, Transit-Oriented Developments (TODs), pedestrian pockets, energy conservation, urban growth boundaries, etc.
5. To assess the relative effectiveness of alternative growth management instruments.
There are two essays and a term paper :
1. Assignment 1 (20%; 800 words, main text): a. Definitions and implications of sprawl ["pros and cons of sprawl"]
2. Assignment 2 (15%; 800 words, main text)
“Is New Urbanism a solution to sprawl?” Essay partially based on fieldtrip
3. Assignment 3 (55%): Term paper (2,500 words, main text): Case study of the Washington Growth Management Act or a topic of your choice (please submit for early
approval) (Topic: 5%, Presentation: 15%, Paper: 35%)
4. Class participation including class website/e-mail discussion (10%)
The required readings and lecture presentations for the class are primarily to be found in the electronic readers of recent published papers available on the class website below
Presentations (2007):
Sept. 27: Changing Lifestyle
Oct. 2 & 4: Sprawl
Oct. 11: New Urbanism - Krier
Oct. 16: Growth Management - Chinitz and Porter; Smart Growth - Maryland; SG, GMA, UGB
Oct. 23: Urban Transportation Issues, Professor Scott Rutherford
Oct. 25: Growth Management and Transportation, Professor Mark Hallenbeck
Oct. 30: Planning Process and the GMA
Nov. 1: PSRC, Rocky Piro and Ben Bakkenta
Nov. 8: Center City, Gary Johnson
Nov. 13: Downtown Seattle
Nov. 15: Critical Areas Ordinance, Cathy Beam
Nov. 20: Neighborhood Planning, Jim Diers
Readings:
1. Gans, Herbert (1967) "Levittown and America"
in The City Reader. Richard T.
LeGates and Frederic Stout, eds., pp.64-68. London, UK: Routledge.
2. Bullard, Robert (2000) "Introduction:
Anatomy of Sprawl" Chapter 1, pp. 1-19 in
Sprawl City. Robert Bullard,Glenn Johnsonand Angel Torres, eds., Washington,
D.C.: Island Press.
3. Randolph, John (2004) "Land Use Planning
for Environmental Management"
Chapter 3, pp. 36-52, in Environmental Land Use Planning and Management.
Washington, D.C.: Island Press.
4. Lawson, Roger and William Wilson (1995). "Poverty, Social
Rights and the
Quality of Citizenship" Chapter 8, pp. 150-169 in Readings in Urban
Theory.
Susan Fainstein and Scott Campbell, eds.(2002) Malden, MA: Blackwell
Publishing Ltd.
6. Gordon, Peter and Harry W. Richardson (1997), “Are Compact Cities a Desirable Planning Goal?” Journal of the American Planning Association, 63 (1): 95-106.
7. Ewing, Reid (1997), “Is Los Angeles-Style Sprawl Desirable?” Journal of the American Planning Association, 63 (1): 107-126.
8. Breheny, Michael (1996), "Centrists, Decentrists
and Compromisers: View on the
Future of Urban Form" Chapter, pp. 13-35, in The Compact City: A
Sustainable
Urban Form? London: E & FN Spon.
9 . Howard, Ebenezer (1898) "Author's Introduction"
and "The Town-Country
Magnet" pp.321-329 in The City Reader. Richard T. LeGates and Frederic
Stout,
eds., London, UK: Routledge.
10 . Le Corbusier (C.-E. J.) (1929) "A Contemporary
City" pp.336-343 in The City
Reader. Richard T. LeGates and Frederic Stout, eds. London, UK: Routledge.
11 . Wright, Frank.Lloyd (1935) "Brodacre City:
A New Community Plan" pp.344-
349 in The City Reader. Richard T. LeGates and Frederic Stout, eds., London,
UK: Routledge.
12 . Richardson, H.W. and C.-H.C. Bae, eds. (2004) "Urban Sprawl in Western
Europe and the United States" Aldershot, UK: Ashgate.
-Sellers:
Urbanization and the Social Origins of National Policies Toward Sprawl
-Williams:
Reducing Sprawl and Delivering an Urban Renaissance in England
-Pumain:
Urban Sprawl: Is There a French Case?
-Bertaud
& Richardson: Transit and Density: Atlanta, the United States and
Western Europe
-Richardson
& Gordon: US Population and Employment Trends and Sprawl Issues
-Bae:
Immigration and Densities
-Nelson:
Urban Containment American Style
13 . Calthorpe, Peter (1989) "The Pedestrian
Pocket" pp. 350-356 in The City Reader.
Richard T. LeGates and Frederic Stout, eds., London, UK: Routledge.
14. Fulton, William (1996), The New Urbanism:
Hope or Hype for American
Communities? Washington, D.C.: Lincoln Institute of Land Policy.
15. Burns, Carol, et. al (2002), "Urban or Suburban?"
Chapter 18 in Readings in
Urban Theory. Susan Fainstein and Scott Campbell, eds., , pp; 362-385. Malden,
MA: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
16. Knaap, Gerrit-Jan (2005), "An Inquiry into
the Promise and Prospects of Smart
Growth" Chapter 4, pp. 61-79 in Towards Sustainable Cities. Andre
Sorensen,
Peter Marcotullio and Jill Grant, eds. Hampshire, UK: Ashgate.
17. Chinitz, Benjamin (1990), "GrowthManagement:
Good for the Town, Bad for the
Nation?" Journal of the American Planning Association, 56(1), 3-8.
18. Fishchel, William (1991), "Good for the
Town, Bad for the Nation?: A
Comment," Journal of the American Planning Association, 57(3), 341-344.
19. Neuman, Michael (1991), "Utopia, Dystopia,
Diaspora" Journal of the American
Planning Association, 57(3), 344-347.
20 . Porter, Douglas R (1996), "Growth Management:
What It Is and What It Does,"
Chapter 1, pp. 1-18, in Profiles in Growth Management. Washington, DC:
The
Urban Land Institute.
21 . Randolph, John (2004) "Local Government
Smart Growth Management for
Environmental Land Use" Chapter 37, pp. 141-168, in Environmental
Land Use
Planning and Management. Washington, D.C.: Island Press.
This will be supplemented by other important papers on reserve in the CAUP library. In addition, there has been a wealth of books published in this field recently. I recommend the following books that are available at the CAUP Library (Gould 3rd Fl).
Books on Sprawl and American City
Bruegmann, Robert (2005), Sprawl: A Compact History. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press [HT371.B74 2005]
Flint, Anthony (2006), This Land: The Battle over Sprawl and the Future of America. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press. [HT 384. U5F5 2006]
Blakely, Edward J. and Mary Gail Snyder (1997), Fortress America: Gated Communities in the United States. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press and Lincoln Institute. [HN59.2 B55. 1995]
Downs, Anthony (1994), New Visions for Metropolitan America. Washington, D.C.: The Brookings Institute. [HT 384. U5. D.68. 1994]
Garreau, Joel (1991), Edge City: Life on the New Frontier. New York: Doubleday.
[HT 334. U5 G37 1991]
Jacobs, Jane (1961), The Death of Life of Great American Cities. New Yor: Random House [HT167. J32]
Putnam, Robert D. (2000), Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community. New York: Simon & Schuster., pp.204-15, 477-9. [HN 65. P878. 2000]
Books on New Urbanism
Calthorpe, P. (1993), The Next American Metropolis: Ecology, Community, and the American Dream. New York: Princeton Architectural Press. [HT 167. C3. 1993]
Katz, Peter (1994), The New Urbanism: Toward an Architecture of Community. New York: McGraw-Hill. [NA 2542.4 K38. 1994]
Books on Farmlands Protection
Daniels, Tom and Deborah Bowers (1997), Holding our ground : protecting America's farms and farmland. Washington, D.C. : Island Press, c1997 [HD256 .D36 1997]
Daniels, Tom (1999), When City and Country Collide: Managing Growth in the Metropolitan Fringe. Washington, D.C.: Island Press. [HT334. U5. D35. 1999]
Books on Managing Growth
DeGrove, John M. (1984), Land Growth & Politics. Chicago: The American Planning Association. [HD 205 D437 1984]
Ewing, Reid (1995), Best Development Practices. Chicago, IL: American Planning Association and ULI. [HT 167.5 F6. E9. 1995]
Kelly, Eric Damian (1993), Managing Community Growth: Policies, Techniques, and Impacts. Westport, CO: Praeger Press. [HT 167. K44. 1993]
Porter, Douglas R. (1996), Profiles in Growth Management. Washington, D.C.: ULI.
[HT 167. P668. 1996]
Books on Land Use
Diamond, Henry L. and Patrick F. Noonan (1996), Land Use in America. Washington, D.C.: Island Press. [HD205. L357. 1996]
Kaiser, Edward J., David Godschalk and F. Stuart Chapin, Jr. (1995), Urban Land Use Planning. Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 4th edition. [HT 167. K28. 1995]
In addition, students who have never taken an urban planning course might like to consult the following:
Branch, Melville (1985), Comprehensive City Planning: Introduction & Explanation. Chicago, IL: Planners Press, American Planning Assoc. [HT 167.B66 1985]
Fulton, William (1991), Guide to California Planning. Point Arena, CA: Solano Press Books. [HT 393. C3 F8 1991]
Class Website, gmforum http://www.washington.edu/gmforum
Readings http://courses.washington.edu/gmforum/Readings/reading.html
Washington State Office of Community Development http://www.ocd.wa.gov
Growth Management Program http://www.ocd.wa.gov/info/lgd/growth/
Growth Management Fact Sheets http://www.ocd.wa.gov/info/lgd/growth/fact_sheets/index.tpl
Sierra Club http://www.sierraclub.org/sprawl/index.asp
Congress for the New Urbanism http://www.cnu.org
Lincoln Institute of Land Policy http://www.lincolninst.edu/main.html
American Farmland Trust http://www.farmland.org
Fannie Mae Foundation http://www.fanniemaefoundation.org
National Homebuilders Association http://www.nahb.com
Center on Urban and Metropolitan Policy, The Brookings Institution http://www.brook.edu/es/urban/urban.htm
Smart
Growth Network http://www.smartgrowth.org
UrbDP 450 Class Schedule
e-Reader http://courses.washington.edu/gmforum/Readings/reading.html
Session Topics & Readings
Part I. Sprawl and Its Dimensions
25-Sep Thursday 1. Introduction
30-Sep Tuesday 2. Debate on Sprawl and the Alternatives to Sprawl
Sprawl is good: Gordon and Richardson
Sprawl is bad: Ewing
Sources of Sprawl: Bullard, Randolph
Levittown: Gans
2-Oct Thursday 3. Centrists vs. Decentrists
Centrists: Le Corbusier
Decentrists: Howard, Wright, Breheny
Part II. New Approaches to the Built Environment: Alternative Urban Forms
7-Oct Tuesday New Urbanism and Transit-Oriented Development: Theory
Calthorpe, Fulton, Krier
First Assignment Due
Submit to <gmforum@u.washington.edu>
9-Oct Thursday New Urbanism and TOD: Examples
http://www.kentlandsusa.com/
http://www.orencostation.net/
Overview of Issaquah Highlands
http://www.issaquahhighlands.com/
11-Oct Saturday Field trip to Issaquah Highlands
http://www.issaquahhighlands.com/
Part III. Planning Efforts to Manage Land Use and Growth
14-Oct Tuesday 1. Zoning
Second Assignment Due
Submit to <gmforum@u.washington.edu>
2. Types of Growth Management
Growth management: Chinitz, Fishel, Neuman, Porter,
Smart Growth: Knaap
Urban Growth Boundaries/Areas
Greenbelts
Containing sprawl: Bae
16-Oct Thursday 3. Washington State Growth Management Act
Planning Goals, Urban Growth Areas, Citizen participation
http://apps.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=36.70A.020
http://apps.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=36.70A.030
21-Oct Tuesday 3. Washington State Growth Management Act (continued)
Comprehensive Planning, compact development, urban density
Growth Management Hearings Boards
http://www.mrsc.org/subjects/planning/compplan.aspx
http://www.gmhb.wa.gov/
23-Oct Thursday 4. Vision 2040, Long-range planning in the Puget Sound
Ben Bakkenta and Rocky Piro, PSRC
http://psrc.org/projects/vision/index.htm
28-Oct Tuesday 5. Transportation
Land use and transportation
Urban Growth Centers and public transportation
Congestion pricing
Concurrency
Public health
30-Oct Thursday 6. Transfer of Development Rights
Open space preservation
Historic preservation
http://www.kingcounty.gov/environment/stewardship/sustainable-building/transfer-development-rights.aspx
http://www.seattle.gov/neighborhoods/preservation/incentives_state.htm
4-Nov Tuesday 7. Downtown Living: Center City Strategy
Gary Johnson, Project Manager
Department of Planning and Development, City of Seattle
Design Review Board
Research Paper Topic Due
Submit to <gmforum@u.washington.edu>
6-Nov Thursday 8. Natural Hazards and Urban Development
UW Institute for Hazards Mitigation Planning and Research
9. Salmon Endangered Species Act
13-Nov Tuesday 10. Critical Area Protection & Best Available Science in Practice
Cathy Beam, AICP, Principal Planner, City of Redmond
http://www.ci.redmond.wa.us/intheworks/criticalareas/pdfs/BASPapers.pdf
11-Nov Veterans Day (No Class)
18-Nov Thursday 11. Perils in Managing Growth
Measure 37, I-933, Property Rights, Economic Development
20-Nov Tuesday 12. Building Livable Communities via Neighborhood Participation
Jim Diers, UW (Former Director of Seattle Neighborhood Department)
25-Nov Tuesday 13. Urban Form and Energy Use
Ewing and Long
27-Nov Thursday Thanksgiving Day (No Class)
Part IV. Closing
2-Dec Thursday Presentations I
4-Dec Tuesday Presentations II
5-Dec Friday Term Paper Due
Submit to <gmforum@u.washington.edu>
* As an option, students who want to do more in-depth work on the topics covered in this course can register for an additional 2 credits as "Independent Study."